利用RC充、放电过程测定电容值  

Measurement of Capacitance Values Using RC Charge-discharge Process

作　　者：程豪 廖昱博[1] 张捷睿 CHENG Hao;LIAO Yubo;ZHANG Jierui(School of Physics and Electronic Information Science,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]赣南师范大学物理与电子信息学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《赣南师范大学学报》2023年第6期74-77,共4页Journal of Gannan Normal University

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金(20202BABL201022);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ180752);江西省学位与研究生教育教学改革研究项目(JXYJG-2022-180);赣南师范大学校级教改课题(GSJG-2018-30)。

摘　　要：相比于一些常见的电容测量方法,利用RC充、放电过程测定电容值具有装置简易,测量简便、准确等优点.并且通过改变方波信号源的频率可以满足一定范围电容值测量的需要.本文利用RC充、放电过程测定电容.首先,通过测量已知电容的RC电路时间常数建立C-τ定标曲线,然后,测量未知电容的电路时间常数求得电容值.最后,利用差减法估算出了电容的等效串联电阻值.实验结果表明,0.01μF至0.1μF范围内电容测量的相对误差小于3%.Compared to some commonly used methods of capacitance measurement,the method by using RC charge-discharge process has so many advantages such as simple structure,ease of use and accuracy.Moreover,by changing the frequency of the square wave signal source,a certain range of capacitance measurement needs can be met.In this paper,RC charge-discharge process is adopted to measure capacitance values.Firstly,a C-τcalibration curve was established by measuring the time constants of RC circuit with known capacitances.And then the time constants of that with unknown capacitances were measured to obtain the capacitance values.Lastly,the subtraction method was used to estimate the equivalent series resistances of the capacitances.The experimental results show that the relative error measured in the range from 0.01μF to 0.1μF is less than 3%.

关 键 词：RC电路 时间常量 电容测量 等效串联电阻 

分 类 号：O441.5[理学—电磁学]