直驱风电场送出线路的正序电压极化距离保护适用性分析  

Applicability Analysis of Distance Protection with Positive-sequence Voltage Polarization for Transmission Lines of Wind Farm with Direct-driven Turbines

作　　者：李斌[1] 周博昊 何佳伟[1] 戴魏 王朝明 谢仲润 LI Bin;ZHOU Bohao;HE Jiawei;DAI Wei;WANG Chaoming;XIE Zhongrun(Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education on Smart Power Grids(Tianjin University),Tianjin 300072,China;NARI Group Corporation(State Grid Electric Power Research Institute),Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]智能电网教育部重点实验室(天津大学),天津市300072 [2]南瑞集团有限公司(国网电力科学研究院有限公司),江苏省南京市211106

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2023年第22期16-24,共9页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(新型电力系统继电保护体系架构与关键技术研究,5108-202240278A-2-0-XG)。

摘　　要：新型电力系统发展背景下,故障特性发生深刻变化,基于同步机特性设计的继电保护面临严峻挑战。文中重点讨论了永磁直驱风机大规模交流送出线路中,以正序电压为极化电压的距离保护的适用性问题。计及并网逆变器的暂态穿越控制行为,分析了永磁直驱风机的故障特征,并重点研究了永磁直驱风机接入下以正序电压作为极化电压的线路阻抗继电器动作性能,讨论了不同穿越控制策略、不同系统工况对其动作性能的影响。研究发现,风电场侧相间继电器的可靠性会受直驱风机并网逆变器的故障穿越控制影响,且在不同无功补偿策略下表现不同:“增发无功、有功置零”的穿越方式下,相间阻抗继电器的可靠性较好;“增发无功、定有功”和“增发无功、限有功”的穿越方式下,相间阻抗继电器的可靠性会显著降低。此外“,增发无功、定有功”穿越方式下,相间阻抗继电器的可靠性还与稳定运行时的系统工况有关,风电出力越多,相间继电器可靠性越低。基于实时数字仿真系统搭建典型直驱风电场并网模型,通过大量实时仿真测试验证了理论分析的正确性。Under the background of the development of new power systems,the fault characteristics have changed profoundly,and the relay protection designed based on the synchronous machine characteristics faces severe challenges.This paper mainly discusses the applicability of distance protection with positive-sequence voltage as polarization voltage in the large-scale AC transmission line of permanent magnet direct-driven wind turbines.Considering the transient ride-through control behavior of grid-connected inverters,the fault characteristics of permanent magnet direct-driven wind turbines are analyzed.Then,the action performance of line impedance relay with positive-sequence voltage as polarization voltage under the connection of permanent magnet direct-driven wind turbines is studied,and the influences of different ride-through control strategies and different system operation conditions on its action performance are discussed.It is found that the reliability of the phase-to-phase relay in the wind farm is affected by the fault ride-through control of the grid-connected inverter of direct-driven wind turbines,and the performance is different under different reactive power compensation strategies.The reliability of the phase-to-phase impedance relay is better in the ride-through mode of"increasing reactive power and setting active power to be zero".The reliability of the phase-to-phase impedance relay will be significantly reduced in the ride-through modes of"increasing reactive power,constant active power"and"increasing reactive power,limiting active power".In addition,the reliability of the phase-to-phase impedance relay is also related to the system operation condition during stable operation in the ride-through modes of"increasing reactive power,constant active power".The more the wind power output is,the lower the reliability of the phase-to-phase relay is.Based on the real-time digital simulation system,the grid-connected model of a typical wind farm with direct-driven turbines is built,and the correctness of the t

关 键 词：永磁直驱风机 距离保护 正序电压 阻抗继电器 负序电流抑制 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TM773