500 kV限流器高温超导磁体的制作与测试  

Manufacture and Test of 500 kV Superconducting Magnet for Superconductive Fault Current Limiter System

作　　者：周涛 李超 陈传 马韬[2] 宋萌 ZHOU Tao;LI Chao;CHEN Chuan;MA Tao;SONG Meng(Xi'an Superconducting Magnet Technologies Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710016,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100871,China;Guangdong Power Grid Development Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]西安聚能超导磁体科技有限公司,陕西西安710016 [2]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100871 [3]广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2023年第11期911-917,共7页Materials China

基　　金：陕西省重点研发项目(2017GY-50)。

摘　　要：超导限流器是对超高压输电线路短路故障电流实现快速、有效限制的一种新型电力装置。近年来随着国民经济的发展,用电负荷增长和供电可靠性需求增加,电网短路电流水平已经逼近甚至超过传统开关设备的开断能力,成为超高压电网发展和安全、稳定运行的重要制约因素之一。然而,电网结构调整等传统限流措施降低了电网的安全性和灵活性,亟需研制适用于超高压电网的限流装置。超导限流器集短路故障检测、触发和限流功能于一身,是电力系统最理想的限流装置。依托高电压等级限流器用超导磁体系统的研制项目,完成500 kV限流器用高温超导磁体系统制作与测试工作。该超导磁体的室温孔径为1660 mm,总高度为1960 mm,液氮量为2000 L,中心最大磁场为0.45 T,额定励磁安匝数为468000安匝,由3组线圈共计88个双饼组成,运行电流分别为220 A(YBCO线圈)/1000 A(Bi2223线圈)/220 A(YBCO线圈),杜瓦注入液氮后抽空减压至72 K稳定运行。经过绕制、接线、组装、焊接、检测等工序,完成磁体系统集成,降温后进行整体测试,一次性励磁成功,没有失超。整个系统绝缘等级大于10 kV、真空漏率优于10^(-6)(Pa·L)/s、液氮蒸发量小于70 L/d,指标均达到设计目标。The superconductive fault current limiter(SFCL)is an innovative electric power equipment designed to rapidly and effectively mitigate short circuits in high voltage transmission systems.With the rapid economic development of our country,there has been a growing demand for increased power load and reliability.Consequently,this has led to the generation of larger short circuit currents within the electric grid,surpassing the capacity of existing switch equipment which poses a significant constraint on safe and stable operation.As the most advanced electric power equipment available,the SFCL not only detects and interrupts power flow during short circuits but also effectively mitigates the magnitude of the short circuit current.In this study,we have designed,fabricated,and experimentally evaluated a superconducting magnet specifically tailored for a high voltage SFCL.The magnet features a room-temperature bore with dimensions of 1660 mm in diameter and 1960 mm in length,incorporating a liquid nitrogen vessel with a capacity of 2000 L.Notably,the central peak field within the room-temperature bore reaches an impressive value of 0.45 T.The magnet consists of 88 high temperature superconducting(HTS)double pancake coils,with 468,000 ampere turns.These coils are strategically divided into three segments operating at distinct currents:namely,220 A for YBCO coils followed by Bi2223 coils operating at 1000 A and concluding with another set of YBCO coils operating at 220 A.After undergoing multiple processes,including winding,terminal wire installation,welding,and assembly,the magnet is subjected to a rigorous test at 72 K.The results of the test align with the theoretical design specifications and exhibit an insulation grade exceeding 10 kV.Additionally,meticulous investigation reveals that the nitrogen evaporation rate remains below 70 L/d,Moreover,it has been determined that the cryostat leakage is less than 10^(-6)(Pa·L)/s,thereby confirming the resounding success of this superconducting magnet.

关 键 词：超导磁体 超导限流器 杜瓦 励磁 失超 运行电流 高温超导 

分 类 号：TM265[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]