不同移栽方式对信阳烟区烤烟产量和质量的影响  

Effects of Different Transplanting Methods on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Xinyang Region

作　　者：苏烁 宋笑龙 宗胜杰 崔光周[1] 马浩波[2] 刘芳[2] 孟智勇[2] 王赐卫 张警予 SU Shuo;SONG Xiaolong;ZONG Shengjie;CUI Guangzhou;MA Haobo;LIU Fang;MENG Zhiyong;WANG Ciwei;ZHANG Jingyu(Henan Tobacco Company Xinyang company,Xinyang 464000,China;Tobacco Research Institute of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xuchang 461000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省烟草公司信阳市公司,河南信阳464000 [2]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《特产研究》2023年第6期103-107,115,共6页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：河南省烟草公司信阳市公司科技创新项目(2018411500200039);信阳烤烟绿色高效生产模式构建与推广应用项目(2022411500200093)。

摘　　要：探究信阳烟区适宜移栽方式以促进烤烟品质的提升。信阳罗山县开展大田试验,研究了常规膜上移栽(CK)、杯罩移栽(T1)和小苗膜下移栽(T2)3种不同移栽方式对不同深度垄体土壤温度、烟株根系生物量、烟株农艺性状、烤后烟叶外观质量和经济性状的影响。结果表明:移栽后30~60 d CK和T1处理垄体表层土壤温度高于T2处理,烟株根系鲜重和干重均表现为T1>T2>CK;烟株生长后期(70~95 d),T2处理可有效提高垄体表层土壤温度,但烟株根系生物量变化与前期基本一致。移栽后30d烟株在茎围、最大叶长、最大叶宽和叶片数均表现为CK>T2>T1,移栽后45 d,烟株快速生长,除移栽后75 d烤烟叶片数外,各农艺性状指标均表现为T2>CK>T1。烤烟经济性状和各叶位烤后烟叶感官评吸质量均为T1>T2>CK,其中T1处理烤烟每公顷产值分别比CK和T2处理提升16.97%和12.29%,均价分别较CK和T2处理提升12.97%和10.20%。信阳烟区杯罩移栽在提升烟叶产量和质量方面效果更好,是移栽处理的更好措施。In order to explore the suitable transplanting methods in Xinyang tobacco-growing area and improve flue-cured tobacco quality.A field experiment including three different transplanting methods were carried out in Luoshan county:conventional film transplanting(CK),upturned cup transplanting(T1)and seedling film transplanting(T2),then we compared the difference of soil temperature of ridges at different depths,root biomass of tobacco plants,agronomic properties of tobacco plants,appearance quality and economic properties of flue-cured tobacco leaves.The results showed that transplanting for 30~60 days,the surface soil temperature of CK and T1 treatment was higher than that of seedling under film transplanting(T2 treatment),and the fresh weight and dry weight of tobacco roots were T1>T2>CK;during the later tobacco growth stage(70~95 days),T3 treatment can effectively improve the surface soil temperature of the ridge,and the change of root biomass was same as that in the earlier growing stage.after transplanting for 30 days,the stem circumference,maximum leaf length,maximum leaf width and leave number of tobacco plant showed as CK>T2>T1.After transplanting for 45 days,the tobacco plant grew rapidly except for the leave number after transplanting for 75 days,all agronomic traits showed as T2>CK>T1.The economic properties of flue-cured tobacco and the sensory evaluation quality of flue-cured leaves at each leaf position were T1>T2>CK.The output value per hectare of flue-cured tobacco at T1 treatment was 16.97%and 12.29%,and the average price was 12.97%and 10.20%higher than that in CK and T2 treatment respectively.In conclusion,upturned cup transplanting under film in Xinyang tobacco-growing area was better in improving the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：信阳烟区 烤烟 移栽方式 产量和质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]