大理市中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的流行现况及影响因素  

Prevalence and influencing factors of vertebral column defects among primary and secondary school students in Dali City

作　　者：李芳 常利涛[2] 杨佑培 刘宏[2] 杨帆 杨云娟 马乐[4] LI Fang;CHANG Litao;YANG Youpei;LIU Hong;YANG Fan;YANG Yunjuan;MA Le(School of Public Health,Dali University,Dali 671003,China;School Health Clinic,Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Dali Center for Disease Control and Prevention;School of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University;School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University)

机构地区：[1]大理大学公共卫生学院,云南大理671003 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所 [3]大理市疾病预防控制中心 [4]西安交通大学公共卫生学院 [5]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2023年第8期975-980,共6页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：云南省医学学科带头人培养项目(D-2018007);昆明市中青年技术和学术带头人培养项目(KMRCD-2018011)。

摘　　要：目的了解云南省大理市中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的流行情况,探讨脊柱弯曲异常的影响因素,为进一步防控脊柱弯曲异常提供科学依据。方法2020年采取分层整群抽样方法,抽取大理市11所学校的中小学生开展脊柱弯曲异常筛查和问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验和二分类logistic回归分析法对大理市中小学生脊柱弯曲异常的流行情况及影响因素进行分析。结果大理市3354名中小学生纳入研究,脊柱弯曲异常检出率为3.40%(114例),其中脊柱侧弯102例,占89.47%。男生脊柱弯曲异常检出率(4.11%)高于女生(2.71%),郊县学生(4.32%)脊柱弯曲异常检出率高于城区学生(2.78%)(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,男生(OR=1.598)、郊县地区(OR=1.632)、超重(OR=0.437)和肥胖(OR=0.215)是脊柱弯曲异常的影响因素。结论2020年大理市中小学生脊柱弯曲异常检出率高于全国平均水平。应重点对郊县、超重肥胖学生开展脊柱保健的健康教育工作,减少学生脊柱弯曲异常的发生。Objective To investigate the prevalence of vertebral column defects and its influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Dali City,Yunnan Province,so as to provide a scientific evidence for preventing and controlling the vertebral column defects.Methods In 2020,stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to select primary and secondary school students from 11 schools in Dali City for vertebral column defect screening and questionnaire survey.Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of vertebral column defects among students in Dali City.Results A total of 3354 primary and secondary school students in Dali City were included in this study.The incidence rate of vertebral column defects was 3.40%(114 cases),of which 102 cases(89.47%)were scoliosis.More males(4.11%)suffered from vertebral column defects than females(2.71%),and the incidence rate of vertebral column defects was higher in suburban areas(4.32%)than in urban areas(2.78%)(both P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male students(OR=1.598),suburban area(OR=1.632),overweight(OR=0.437),and obesity(OR=0.215)were the influencing factors of vertebral column defects.Conclusions In 2020,the incidence rate of vertebral column defects among primary and secondary school students in Dali City was higher than the national average.Emphasis should be placed on spinal health education for suburban,overweight,and obese students to reduce the incidence of vertebral column defects.

关 键 词：脊柱弯曲异常 中小学生 流行病学 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]