流域模拟器的研发与实践初探  

Watershed simulator development and initial exploration

作　　者：夏军[1] 佘敦先[1] 史良胜[1] 曾思栋 邹磊 张艳军[1] 陈杰[1] 刘炳义 占车生[3] 林忠辉[3] XIA Jun;SHE Dunxian;SHI Liangsheng;ZENG Sidong;ZOU Lei;ZHANG Yanjun;CHEN Jie;LIUBingyi;ZHAN Chesheng;LIN Zhonghui(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,CAS,Chongqing 400714,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院重庆绿色智能研究院,重庆400714 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2023年第12期1425-1431,共7页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(编号:XDA23040304);国家自然科学基金重大项目(编号:41890820)。

摘　　要：针对数字孪生流域研发和流域综合管理的需求,重点论述了流域模拟器的概念、理论与方法以及针对长江应用的长江模拟器的研发与应用进展。流域模拟器旨在构建流域模拟通用范式,其特色与特点是:通过建设“天-空-地”一体化监测监控系统,以及研发集成气象与气候模型、流域水循环模型、水动力学模型、水质模型、水生态模型、城市模型、社会经济模型等多种模型,构建模型云系统,实现天气模拟、流域水循环过程模拟、流域生物地球化学循环模拟、河流与湖泊过程模拟,为水资源高效利用与调度、城市水循环模拟、“水-能-粮-环境-生态-经济”耦合系统及管理决策支持等流域管理与决策服务提供科技支撑。In response to the demand for the development of digital twin watersheds and comprehensive water⁃shed management,this article focuses on the concepts,theories,and methods of watershed simulator develop⁃ment.The article also discusses the development and application of the Yangtze River simulator specifically de⁃signed for the application in the Yangtze River basin.Watershed simulator aims to construct a universal paradigm for watershed simulation.The distinctive features of the watershed simulator lie in the construction of an integra⁃ted monitoring system covering the atmosphere,space,and ground.It supports the development of various mo⁃dels,including integrated meteorological and climatic models,watershed hydrological models,hydrodynamic models,water quality models,aquatic ecological models,urban models,and socio-economic models.These models form a model cloud support system.The application goals of the simulator include weather simulation,watershed water cycle simulation,watershed biogeochemical cycle simulation,and simulation of river and lake processes.The simulator provides technological support for efficient water resource utilization and scheduling,ur⁃ban water cycle simulation,coupled systems and management decision support for"water-energy-food-environ⁃ment-ecology-economy"in watershed management and decision-making.

关 键 词：流域模拟器 天空地一体化监测体系 自然与社会系统耦合 多模型耦合 流域综合管理 服务体系构建 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]