基于HEC-RAS模型的城集镇洪灾淹没分析研究  

Analysis of the flood inundation of towns based on HEC‐RAS model

作　　者：李雨竹 程磊[1,2] 程旭 周立浩[1,2] 张橹 刘攀 LI Yuzhu;CHENG Lei;CHENG Xu;ZHOU Lihao;ZHANG Lu;LIU Pan(School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水利水电学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《武汉大学学报(工学版)》2023年第12期1536-1545,共10页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41890822);湖北省自然科学基金项目(编号:2022CFA094)。

摘　　要：中小河流洪水灾害量多面广、治理难度大,是我国防洪减灾的薄弱环节。目前,山洪数值模拟研究较少关注二维模拟与漂浮物堵塞桥涵现象,难以准确模拟城集镇洪灾淹没过程。从山洪精细化模拟角度出发,建立了考虑桥梁堵塞情况的HEC-RAS二维非恒定流模拟模型,并以湖北省随县柳林镇2021年8月12日极端洪水事件为例进行模型验证与情景分析。研究结果表明,所建立的模型能够合理准确地模拟洪水淹没过程,与实测洪痕数据相比,模型平均误差为-0.16 m;桥梁堵塞造成研究区水位平均壅高6.5%(约0.11 m)。在百年一遇设计洪水情景下,居民区最大淹没水深为1.97 m,考虑桥梁堵塞会使最大淹没水深进一步壅高0.30 m、淹没面积进一步增大737.9 m2。研究结果对城集镇洪灾淹没精细模拟及山区洪水预警、方案预制具有重要参考价值。The flood disaster of small and medium-sized rivers is the weak link of flood control and disaster reduction in China.At present,the study of flash flood numerical simulation pays little attention to the twodimensional simulation and the phenomenon of floating objects blocking bridges and culverts,so it is difficult to accurately simulate the flood inundation process of city market towns.In this paper,a HEC-RAS twodimensional unsteady flow simulation model considering bridge blockage is established from the perspective of flash flood fine simulation,and the extreme flood event on August 12,2021 in Liulin Town,Sui County,Hubei Province is taken as an example for model verification and scenario analysis.The results show that the model established in this paper can reasonably and accurately simulate the flood inundation process.Compared with the measured flood marks,the average error of the model is−0.16 m.In the simulation scenario of bridge blockage,the average water level in the study area increases by 0.11 m,with an average increase of 6.5%.In the one-hundred-year design flood scenario,the maximum inundation depth of the residential area is 1.97 m.Considering the bridge blockage,the maximum inundation depth will be further increased by 0.30 m,and the inundation area will be further increased by 737.9 m2.The results of this study are of great significance for the fine simulation of flood inundation in cities and towns,flood warning and plan prefabrication in mountainous areas.

关 键 词：HEC-RAS 洪水模拟 二维非恒定流 桥涵堵塞 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]