中非投资争端的国际投资仲裁解决研究  

Research on International Investment Arbitration and Settlement of China-Africa Investment Disputes

作　　者：李晓玲 Li Xiaoling(University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学法学院

出　　处：《国际经济合作》2023年第5期39-51,92,93,共15页Journal of International Economic Cooperation

基　　金：中国非洲研究院2021年度应急热点课题“中国在非洲的海外利益保护研究”(项目编号:CAI-E2020-07)。

摘　　要：近年我国对非洲投资快速增长,而投资者常面临政权更迭、战争暴乱、外汇限制、法律政策不利变动等政治性风险。鉴于我国与非洲国家的良好外交关系,国际投资仲裁作为去政治化的法律工具,相较外交保护更适宜应对在非投资的政治性风险。然而我国投资者寻求国际投资仲裁解决中非投资争端存在多种法律障碍,主要包括已生效投资条约覆盖率低、仲裁范围受限、“岔路口条款”过于严格、对投资提供的实体保护水平较低,以及裁决执行困难等。当前,中国政府需推进与非洲国家商签或更新投资保护条约,提高保护水平,采取综合措施敦促东道国执行裁决,探索建立有中非特色的投资争端仲裁机制,为我国投资者启动国际投资仲裁解决投资争端提供制度支撑和保障。China's investment in Africa has grown rapidly in recent years. However, Chinese investors in Africa frequently encounter political risks such as regime change, war and riots, foreign exchange restrictions and changes in laws and policies. Given China's good diplomatic relations with African countries, international investment arbitration, as a depoliticized legal tool, is more suitable for dealing with the political risks than diplomatic protection. Nevertheless, there are various legal obstacles for Chinese investors to seek arbitration to resolve investment disputes, including limited number of effective investment treaties signed with African counties, limited scope of arbitration, strict Fork-in-the-Road clauses, low level of substantive protection for investment as well as difficulties in enforcing awards. At present, the Chinese government needs to promote the signing or renewal of investment protection treaties with African countries to improve the level of protection, take comprehensive measures to urge host countries to implement the awards and explore the possibility of establishing an investment dispute arbitration mechanism with Chinese and African characteristics, in order to provide institutional support and guarantee for Chinese investors to resort to international investment arbitration.

关 键 词：中非投资 国际投资仲裁 双边投资条约 “岔路口条款” 主权豁免 海外利益保护 

分 类 号：F713.36[经济管理—产业经济]