美国介入中国与拉美经济合作:动因、方式及影响  

Motivations, Methods and Influences of US' Intervention in China-Latin America and Caribbean Economic Cooperation

作　　者：王飞[1] 陈岚[2] Wang Fei;Chen Lan(Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Zhejiang International Studies University)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所 [2]浙江外国语学院西方语言文化学院

出　　处：《国际经济合作》2023年第4期78-90,94,共14页Journal of International Economic Cooperation

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“区域公共产品视阈下中拉在‘一带一路’框架内的金融合作研究”(编号:19CGJ027)。

摘　　要：美国和中国分别是发达经济体和新兴经济体中在拉美最具影响力的两个域外大国。鉴于地缘政治、经济联系和历史文化的长期影响,美国视拉美为“后院”,美拉合作以安全为导向,美国捍卫对拉美的绝对控制权。中国虽然同拉美的联系起步较晚,但中拉合作以发展为导向,尤其在经济领域实现了跨越式发展。中美竞争深刻影响国际格局和地区秩序。在特朗普执政时期,美国两党基本形成共识,认为中拉经济合作触及美拉安全底线,遂在拉美开辟竞争战场,通过直接的干预性举措和间接的竞争性举措将大国竞争引入拉美。拜登执政后,美国加大干预中国和拉美经济合作的力度,规则化、制度化倾向愈发凸显。中国应积极谋划和制定推动中美拉三边关系形成良性互动的因应之策,避免在拉美地区陷入“新冷战”。The US and China are the two most influential extraterritorial powers in Latin America and the Caribbean(LAC) among the developed and emerging economies. Given the long-term impacts of geopolitical factors, economic ties and historical culture, the US regards LAC as its backyard, and its cooperation with LAC is security-oriented. The US defends its absolute control over LAC. Although China's ties with LAC started relatively late, the development-oriented cooperation mode between China and LAC has achieved leapfrog development, especially in the economic field. The competition between China and the US has profoundly affected the international landscape and regional order. During the Donald Trump tenure, the two parties of the US reached a consensus that the China-LAC economic cooperation has touched the bottom line of the security-oriented cooperation between the US and LAC. Thus, the US introduced great power competition into LAC through direct intervention measures and indirect competitive measures. After Joe Biden took office, the US has stepped up efforts to intervene in the economic cooperation between China and LAC and the trend has increasingly featured regularization and institutionalization. China should actively plan and formulate countermeasures to promote positive interaction between China, the US and LAC, so as to avoid falling into a new Cold War in LAC.

关 键 词：中拉关系 美拉关系 “门罗主义” 中美博弈 “一带一路” 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系] F114[政治法律—政治学]