广东老年人体质、运动和生活习惯等相关因素对抑郁症状检出率的影响探究  

The Impact of Physical Fitness,Exercise,and Lifestyle Habits on the Detection Rate of Depression Symptoms in Guangdong's Elderly Population

作　　者：郑琦 王云涛 刘晴 温英英 Zheng Qi;Wang Yuntao;Liu Qing;Wen Yingying(Guangdong Provincial Institute of Sports Science,Guangzhou 510663,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省体育科学研究所,广东广州510663

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第11期106-109,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：广东省体育局基金项目(项目编号:GDSS2002N044)。

摘　　要：目的:通过了解广东地区老年人群的身体素质、运动生活习惯等基本情况,探索其对抑郁症状检出率的影响。方法:采用分层随机的方法在广东地区抽取一定数量的60-69岁老年人,收集体质测试和自制问卷调查数据,运用描述性分析对比其体质、运动、生活习惯和抑郁量表等方面的差异,用回归方法分析基本信息、体质综合评价、睡眠时长等对抑郁检出率的影响。结果:(1)广东地区老年人体质达标率为91.4%,男性和女性的达标率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);9.3%是有经常体育锻炼习惯的,男性和女性分别为9.2%和9.5%。女性经常感觉压力的比例和出现睡眠质量差的比例较男性高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抑郁症状检出率为16.6%,男性和女性的检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),60-64岁男性检出率较高。(2)性别、经常锻炼情况、压力情况、抑郁症状检出情况的体质评价不同,差异具有统计学意义。(3)logistic回归分析结果显示,体质综合评价、是否经常锻炼、睡眠质量是抑郁症状检出率的影响因素。结论:体质达标的老年人发生抑郁症状的可能性更低,体质达标、有体育锻炼习惯和良好的睡眠质量可减少抑郁的发生。对于老年人出现早期的抑郁症状,可通过适宜的体育锻炼和健康的生活习惯来调节情绪,从而改善症状。OBJECTIVE:This study aims to investigate how various factors,including physical fitness,exercise,and lifestyle habits,influence the detection rate of depression symptoms in the elderly population of Guangdong.METHODS:We employed a stratified random sampling method to select individuals aged 60-69 in Guangdong,collecting data through physical fitness assessments and self-administered questionnaires.Descriptive analysis was used to compare differences in physical fitness,exercise,lifestyle habits,and depression scales,while regression analysis was utilized to assess the impact of variables such as basic information,comprehensive physical fitness assessment,and sleep duration on the detection rate of depression.RESULTS:1.In Guangdong,91.4%of elderly individuals met the physical fitness standards,with statistically significant differences between males and females(P<0.05).9.3%reported regular exercise habits,with rates of 9.2%for males and 9.5%for females.Females exhibited higher proportions of frequently feeling stressed and experiencing poor sleep quality compared to males,both with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The detection rate of depression symptoms was 16.6%,with statistically significant diferences between males and females(P<0.05),and a higher rate among males aged 60-64.2.Different physical fitness assessments were associated with gender,regular exercise habits,stress levels,and the detection of depression symptoms.3.Logistic regression analysis results indicated that comprehensive physical fitness assessment,regular exercise habits,and sleep quality were influencing factors for the detection rate of depression symptoms.CONCLUSION:Elderly individuals with compliant physical fitness standards have a lower likelihood of experiencing depression symptoms.Meeting physical fitness standards,having exercise habits,and ensuring good sleep quality can reduce the occurrence of depression.Early-stage depression symptoms in the elderly can be managed through appropriate physical exercise and healthy lif

关 键 词：老年人 身体素质 生活习惯 抑郁症状检出率 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]