2018-2021年北京市昌平区手足口病聚集性疫情特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of cluster epidemics of HFMD in Changping district of Beijing from 2018 to 2021

作　　者：刘重程 李飒[2] 金莹莹 唐雅清[2] 王瑞琴[2] Liu Chongcheng;Li Sa;Jin Yingying;Tang Yaqing;Wang Ruiqin(Office of Beijing Yanshou Community Health Center,Beijing 102213,China;Department Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control,Beijing Changping District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市昌平区延寿社区卫生服务中心办公室,北京102213 [2]北京市昌平区疾病预防控制中心,北京102200

出　　处：《国际病毒学杂志》2023年第5期384-387,共4页International Journal of Virology

摘　　要：目的分析2018—2021年北京市昌平区手足口病聚集性疫情的流行特征。方法收集2018—2021年北京市昌平区手足口病聚集性疫情的流行病学及病原学资料,采用描述性的流行病学方法分析北京市昌平区手足口病聚集性疫情的三间分布以及病原学构成。结果2018—2021年北京市昌平区共报告271起手足口病疫情(其中聚集性疫情266起,暴发疫情5起),平均罹患率为11.04%,疫情发生至报告时间间隔和疫情持续时间中位数均为2 d;疫情发生至报告的时间间隔与疫情持续时间和发病人数均呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.682和0.145(P均<0.05)。病例以≤5岁年龄组为主占77.67%(619/797),疫情主要发生在托幼机构占78.97%(214/271),疫情起数前三位的是北七家镇(51起)、回龙观地区(43起)和东小口镇(37起)。疫情报告起数变化趋势与散发病例变化趋势一致,且以5-7月为高峰,部分年份有9-11月份次高峰。病原检测以柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CV-A16)和6型(CV-A6)为主。结论昌平区的手足口病疫情以聚集性疫情为主,5岁及以下儿童、托幼机构和人口密集且流动人口大的城乡结合部是手足口病疫情防控的重点人群、场所和地区。疫情的早发现、早报告是防控关键。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of clustered epidemics of hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)in Changping district of Beijing from 2018 to 2021.Methods The epidemiological and etiological data of HFMD cluster epidemics in Changping district of Beijing from 2018 to 2021 were collected,and the descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distributions and pathogen constituents.Results A total of 271 epidemics(including 266 clusters and 5 outbreaks)were reported from 2018 to 2021 and the average incidence rate was 11.04%.The median values of were both 2 d.The number of patients were positively correlated to the interval between epidemic on-set and reporting and to the duration of epidemics,with the correlation coefficients of 0.682 and 0.145,respectively(all P<0.05).The cases were mainly in the age group≤5 years old,accounting for 77.67%(619/797).The epidemic mainly occurred in kindergartens,accounting for 78.97%(214/271).The top three number of epidemics occurred in Beiqijia town(51 epidemics),Huilongguan region(43 epidemics)and Dongxiaokou town(37 epidemics).The trend of epidemics reported was consistent with that of sporadic cases with the peak from May to July,and the second peak in September and November in some years.The main pathogens were coxsackievirus A 16(CV-A16)and CV-A6.Conclusions Clustered epidemic was the dominant type of epidemics in Changping District.Children under 5 years,kindergartens,the urban and rural fringe with dense population and large floating population are the key populations,places and areas for HFMD epidemic prevention and control.respectively.Early detection and reporting of the epidemic are the keys for prevention and control.

关 键 词：手足口病 聚集性疫情 流行特征 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]