母亲妊娠期和围生期因素对婴幼儿超重肥胖的影响  

Influence of maternal gestational and perinatal factors on overweight and obesity in infants

作　　者：陈笑征 李一辰[1] CHEN Xiaozheng;LI Yichen(Department of Child Health Care,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Beijing 100026,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院,北京妇幼保健院儿童保健科,北京100026

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2023年第12期27-32,共6页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院青年基金专项(FCYYQN—202008)。

摘　　要：目的了解6~35月龄婴幼儿超重肥胖情况,探讨与其相关的母亲妊娠期和围生期因素,为制定预防婴幼儿超重肥胖的措施提供依据。方法选取2021年1月至12月在本项目抽取的北京市8家社区卫生服务中心体检的2301例6~35月龄婴幼儿为研究对象,对家庭一般情况、母亲孕产期及婴幼儿生长发育情况进行调查。结果共调查婴幼儿2301人,男童1183人(51.41%)、女童1118人(48.59%),超重145人(6.30%)、肥胖68人(2.96%)、超重肥胖213人(9.26%);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,母亲孕前超重肥胖、患妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病、剖宫产、分娩为巨大儿、6月龄内非纯母乳喂养,是6~35月龄婴幼儿超重肥胖的危险因素,其OR值及95%CI分别为1.988(1.478~2.590)、1.694(1.235~2.108)、1.735(1.205~2.152)、1.398(1.114~1.812)、2.213(1.221~3.123)、1.516(1.177~1.983),P<0.05。结论控制孕前体重和胎儿出生体重、维持孕期血糖和血压在正常范围,倡导自然分娩和母乳喂养对预防婴幼儿超重肥胖的发生有重要意义。Objective To understand the situation of overweight and obesity in infants aged 6-35 months,to explore the maternal gestational and perinatal factors associated with them,in order to provide scientific basis for interventions to prevent overweight and obesity.Methods A total of 2301 infants aged 6-35 months who underwent medical checkups from 8 communities of the project in Beijing from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected as the subjects.The basic family information,maternal pregnancy and delivery conditions,infant growth conditions were investigated.Results A total of 2301 infants were investigated,including 1183 boys(51.41%)and 1118 girls(48.59%),145(6.30%)were overweight,68(2.96%)were obese,213(9.26%)were overweight or obesity.Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal overweight and obesity before pregnancy,gestational diabetes mellitus,gestational hypertension,cesarean section,macrosomia and non-exclusive breastfeeding within 6 months were risk factors of overweight and obesity in infants aged 6-35 months,the OR values and 95%CI were 1.988(1.478-2.590),1.694(1.235-2.108),1.735(1.205-2.152),1.398(1.114-1.812),2.213(1.221-3.123)and 1.516(1.177-1.983),respectively,P<0.05.Conclusion Controlling pre-pregnancy weight and fetal birth weight,maintaining blood glucose and blood pressure in the normal range during pregnancy,advocating natural delivery and breastfeeding are of great significance to prevent overweight and obesity in infants.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 超重 肥胖 危险因素 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]