调水调蓄水库水质三维模拟预测及保护对策  

3D simulation and prediction of water quality in the receiving reservoir of diverted water and protection measures

作　　者：周瑾 刘丰[2] 许凤冉[2] 陈文学[2] 穆祥鹏[2] 李想[2] 黄海燕 ZHOU Jin;LIU Feng;XU Fengran;CHEN Wenxue;MU Xiangpeng;LI Xiang;HUANG Haiyan(Shenzhen Eastern Water Resources Management Center,Shenzhen 518116,Guangdong,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Shenzhen Water Engineering Testing Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市东部水源管理中心,广东深圳518116 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [3]深圳市水务工程检测有限公司,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2023年第S02期293-300,共8页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：深圳市水务发展专项资金科技创新项目(SSZX2019-064);国家自然科学基金项目(U2243232);水利部三峡后续工作项目(HY110161A0012023)。

摘　　要：对于大规模外调水成为主水源的调蓄水库,蓄水后水深会显著增加,水动力与水质状况将发生显著改变,有必要在蓄水前通过三维模拟研究其水质时空演变趋势、潜在问题及应对策略。以深圳市清林径水库为例,通过MIKE3软件实施三维水动力与水质模拟,预测了东江调水入库蓄水过程中水质时空分布特征,及蓄满后水温分布特征。根据模拟结果,水位上升后出现稳定的季节性水温分层;受外调水和本地降雨径流影响,汛期部分时段进水口所在库湾及水库支流末端氮磷浓度相对较高;水库可能面临局部水华风险、裸露坡面污染、季节性水温分层、底层水质恶化等问题。本文有针对性地提出了外调水前置处理、面源与内源污染治理、分层取水、调水与供水时机调度优化等水质保障对策,可为大型引水调蓄水库水质预测与适应性管理提供借鉴。The reservoir receiving diverted water experiences would experience increasing in water depth and significant changes in hydraulics and water quality.It is required to study the spatial and temporal evolution trend of water quality,potential problems and counter measures,through three dimensional simulation.Taking the Qinglinjing Reservoir in Shenzhen as a case study,evolution trend of water quality after water diversion from Dongjiang River and its spatial and temporal distribution characteristics after fully impounding were predicted by 3D simulation of hydraulics and water quality with MIKE3.Thermal stratification was predicted to appear stably after the impounding from April to July.Due to the influence of external water diversion and local runoff,the concentration of total phosphorus and nitrogen in the bay where the water intake is located and at the end of the tributaries of the reservoir is relatively higher during some periods of the flood season.After the impounding,the reservoir would be faced to problems like algal bloom risk,seasonal thermal stratification,deterioration of bottom water quality,etc.Water quality protection measures were provided including pretreatment of diverted water,treatment of nonpoint and endogenous source pollution,multi-level water intake structure,and operation optimization,etc.,which can be referenced by water quality prediction and adaptive management of large reservoirs that receiving diverted water.

关 键 词：东江调水 清林径水库 水质模拟 温跃层 水环境治理 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]