赤石河流域鱼类资源现状及保护措施  

Fish resource status of the Chishi River Basin and the measures for their conservation

作　　者：潘建军 张敏 黄明华 栾建国 向洪勇 俞乃琪 杨海军 PAN Jianjun;ZHANG Min;HUANG Minghua;LUAN Jianguo;XIANG Hongyong;YU Naiqi;YANG Haijun(College of Ecology and Environment,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,Yunnan,China;College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,Yunnan,China;Shenzhen Guanghuiyuan Environmental Water Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518001,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态与环境学院,云南昆明650091 [2]云南大学建筑与规划学院,云南昆明650091 [3]深圳市广汇源环境水务有限公司,广东深圳518001

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2023年第S02期301-308,共8页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32101310);云南大学引进人才科研启动基金(CZ21623201)。

摘　　要：为了解赤石河流域鱼类资源的现状、受到的主要威胁及其保护措施,于2021年7月—2022年7月在赤石河流域采用刺网、地笼采集等方式进行了渔获物调查。结果显示:12个月共调查发现鱼类84种,隶属于11目25科,其中杂食性、喜静缓流生境、产沉性卵的鱼类种类较多。流域内鱼类Shannon-Wiener指数为3.89、均匀性指数为0.74,流域内鱼类种类丰富,多样性指数较高。但通过进一步研究分析表明,流域内的鱼类资源也面临着许多威胁:流域内的水工建筑物对河流连通性、水质、生态流量造成了影响,威胁鱼类资源;面源污染、内源污染、采砂、生产养殖和违法捕捞等行为也直接威胁鱼类资源。因此,本文从恢复河流连通性、保障生态流量、恢复河流水质、坚守生态红线、治理河流渠道化等方面提出了鱼类保护技术策略。In order to understand the current situation,main threats and protection measures of fish resources in the Chishi River Basin,we carried out a fishery resource investigation in the Chishi River Basin from July 2021 to July 2022.The survey showed that,a total of 84 species of fish were found in 12 months,belonging to 11 orders and 25 families.Among them,omnivorous,calm and slow-flowing habitat,and spawning fish species were more.The fish Shannon-Wiener index was 3.89 and the evenness index was 0.74.The fish species in the basin were rich and the diversity index was high.However,further research and analysis show that fish resources in the basin also face many threats:hydraulic structures in the basin have an impact on river connectivity,water quality and ecological flow,threatening fish resources;non-point source pollution,internal pollution,sand mining,aquaculture and illegal fishing and other acts also directly threaten fish resources.Therefore,this paper puts forward the technical strategy of fish protection from the aspects of restoring river connectivity,ensuring ecological flow,restoring river water quality,adhering to ecological red line,and managing river channelization.

关 键 词：鱼类保护 水利工程 生态流量 赤石河 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]