刈割时间对成都平原燕麦再生草产量、品质和种子产量的影响  

Effects of cutting time on regenerated hay yield,hay quality and seed yield of oat planted in Chengdu Plain

作　　者：詹圆 周青平 张靓 曾洪光 贾志锋[5] 马祥[5] 严东海 邵雨乔 魏露萍 汪辉 ZHAN Yuan;ZHOU Qing-ping;ZHANG Jing;ZENG Hong-guang;JIA Zhi-feng;MA Xiang;YAN Dong-hai;SHAO Yu-qiao;WEI Lu-ping;WANG Hui(Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Chengdu 610041,China;Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Sichuan Animal Science Academy,Chengdu 610066,China;Sichuan Grass Industry Technology Research and Promotion Center,Chengdu 610041,China;Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Xining 810000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,四川成都610041 [2]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,四川成都610041 [3]四川省畜牧科学研究院,四川成都610066 [4]四川省草业技术研究推广中心,四川成都610041 [5]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报(自然科学版)》2023年第6期599-608,共10页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32001392);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(ZYN2023063)。

摘　　要：燕麦(Avena sativa L.)作为优质的粮饲兼用作物,在饲草生产与粮食生产上有着举足轻重的作用.利用其再生特性,探索适宜于成都平原秋播燕麦兼顾籽实与饲草生产的栽培方式对促进当地冬闲田利用具有重要意义.在成都平原地区引进甜燕3号、莫尼卡、甜燕70、甜燕60和摄政王5个燕麦品种,共设置4个不同刈割时间,定期测定各品种未刈割和再生草株高,测定首茬草干草产量及营养成分和再生草产量、营养成分、枝条数、收获指数和种子产量.结果表明,出苗后70 d~114 d刈割后再生草均能继续生长并完成结实,随着刈割时间延后,首茬草产量逐渐增加,干草品质逐渐降低;再生植株株高、再生草产量、营养品质和种子产量均逐渐降低;除甜燕3号外,其余4个品种出苗后70 d刈割后的种子产量与未刈割植株差异不显著.甜燕60在成都平原的再生性能较强,适宜用于冬春季节出苗后70 d收获1次饲草后再生产种子,或者收获两茬饲草,首茬草刈割时间为出苗后90~105 d.As a superior grain-forage crops,oat(Avena sativa L.)plays an important role in forage production and grains produc-tion.Taking advantage of its regeneration,it is of great significance to explore the cultivation pattern suitable for both seed and forage production for autumn sowing oat in Chengdu Plain in order to promote the utilization of the local winter fallow land.In this study,five feeding oat cultivars including Tianyan No 3,Monica,Tianyan 70,Tianyan 60 and Shezhengwang were introduced to plant in the Chengdu Plain,and these cultivars were mowed at four different times.The plant height of uncut plants and regen-erated plants of each cultivar was measured periodically and the hay yield and its nutrient composition of first-cut oats,and the hay yield,the nutrient composition,the shoots number,the harvest index and the seed yield of regenerated oats were meas-ured.The results showed that the regenerated plants of all cultivars could continue to grow and complete fruiting when cutting 70 days to 114 days after emergence.With the postponement of cutting time,the first-cut hay yield gradually increased,while its hay quality gradually decreased.The plant height,the hay yield,the nutrient quality and the seed yield of the regenerated plants decreased gradually as the cutting time postponed.With the exception of Tianyan No 3,the seed yield of the other regenerated four cultivars cut after 70 days of emergence was not significantly different from that of the uncut plants.Tianyan 60 showed the stronger regeneration performance in the Chengdu Plain,which was suitable for harvesting one-cut hay in winter and spring and producing seeds with the first cutting time of 70 days after emergence and harvesting two-cut hay with the first cutting time of 90-105 days after emergence.

关 键 词：再生 秋播 燕麦 刈割 成都平原 

分 类 号：S543[农业科学—作物学]