论互联网平台恶意不兼容的司法认定  

A Study on Judicial Determination of Malicious Incompatibility of Internet Platforms

作　　者：李扬[1] 陈天佑 Li Yang;Chen Tian-you

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院 [2]中国政法大学民商经济法学院知识产权法学研究所

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（法学版）》2023年第4期43-58,共16页Journal of Soochow University：Law Edition

摘　　要：互联网平台属于互联网企业的私有财产。互联网企业是否开放、向谁开放、以何种条件开放、在多大范围开放应用编程接口(API),从而允许其他网络经营者的网络产品、服务接入自身开发、运营的平台并分享平台流量,原则上属于私法自治、企业经营自主权与竞争自由的范畴。司法者应秉持反不正当竞争法的谦抑秉性,树立自由价值是基础、公平价值是补充的理念,明确创新效率与配置效率的关系,对恶意不兼容条款采取权利本位的裁判路径,谨慎以反不正当竞争法对互联网企业拒绝开放平台API的行为进行打击。具言之,不能忽视对互联网不正当竞争行为共性要件的审查,以利益综合衡量标准客观化地认定恶意要件,工信部相关文件不能作为裁判或参考依据,无正当理由差别待遇并不等同于反不正当竞争法上的不正当性。Internet platforms shall be seen as the property of Internet companies.In principle,whether Internet companies open Application Programming Interface(API)or not and whoever they open the API for,despite of the conditions and the contents,it is the autonomy withheld by the interest companies for deciding whether to allow other network operators’network products or services to access the platform and share the platform with.The autonomy shall be seen as the freedom obtained by the interest companies.The judiciary should uphold the modesty of the Competition Law,establish the concept that freedom shall be the primary foundation while fair value shall be seen as the supplement factor.The judiciary shall clarify the relationship between innovation efficiency and allocation efficiency,adopt the right-based refereeing path for Malicious Incompatible clause and cautiously use the Competition Law to crack down the act of Internet companies’refusal to open API.Specifically,the examination of the common elements of unfair competition act on the Internet cannot be ignored,maliciousness can be determined objectively based on the standard of comprehensive weighing of interests,relevant documents of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology cannot be used as adjudication or reference,and discriminatory treatment without justified reasons doesn’t equal unfairness in the Competition Law.

关 键 词：恶意不兼容 互联网平台 应用编程接口 权利本位裁判路径 利益综合衡量标准 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]