烤烟明水抛苗与传统膜下移栽的对比研究:从生长发育和成本角度分析  

A Comparative Study on Under-film Transplanting Methods of Throwing Young Tobacco Seedlings in Clear Water and Conventional Method:Analysis from the Perspectives of Growth and Cost

作　　者：李鹏飞[1] 朱艳梅[1] 徐天养[1] 殷红慧[1] 戴珏[1] 张传树[1] 杨闽 宋国会 LI Pengfei;ZHU Yanmei;XU Tianyang;YIN Honghui;DAI Jue;ZHANG Chuanshu;YANG Min;SONG Guohui(Wenshan Company of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company,Wenshan,Yunnan 663099;Yunnan Institute of Innovation,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Kunming 650233)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司文山州公司,云南文山663099 [2]北京航空航天大学云南创新研究院,昆明650233

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第31期13-18,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划重点项目“烤烟农机农艺融合技术体系构建与应用示范”(2020530000241018)。

摘　　要：为降低烤烟移栽的劳动强度、提高移栽效率、降低移栽成本,采用明水抛苗膜下移栽技术,与传统膜下移栽进行对比,评价2种移栽方式对烟苗成活率、烟株生长发育、移栽成本和烟叶产值量等方面的影响。结果显示,明水抛苗膜下移栽与传统膜下移栽在烟株成活率、农艺性状、干物质量、根冠比和烟叶产值量等方面均无显著差异;明水抛苗膜下移栽能提高烟苗利用率7.38~7.40个百分点,降低移栽成本1370.25~1443.30元/hm^(2),降幅达到33.62%~40.74%。明水抛苗膜下移栽是一种有效的移栽技术,具有高效、高成活、节工节本等优点,能保证烤烟的稳定产值,在采用小苗膜下移栽的烟区有较好的推广前景。To reduce labor intensity,improve transplanting efficiency,and lower transplanting costs of flue-cured tobacco,a new under-film transplanting method of throwing young tobacco seedlings in clear water was compared with the conventional method.The effects of the two transplanting methods on the survival rate of seedlings,plant growth and development,transplanting cost,and output value of tobacco leaves were evaluated.The results showed that there was no significant difference between under-film transplanting of throwing young tobacco seedlings in clear water and conventional transplanting in terms of plant survival rate,agronomic traits,amount of dry matter,root-shoot ratio,and leaf value.Throwing seedlings in clear water increased the seedling utilization rate by 7.38%-7.40%,and decreased the transplanting cost by 1370.25-1443.30 yuan/hm^(2),with a reduction range of 33.62%-40.74%.Throwing seedlings in clear water is an effective transplanting technique with the advantages of high efficiency,high survival rate,labor saving,and cost reduction.It can ensure the stable output value of tobacco and has good potential for application in the tobacco-growing areas where young tobacco seedlings are transplanted under film.

关 键 词：烤烟 膜下小苗 抛苗 移栽 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]