喷洒叶面肥对春小麦黑胚、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Foliar Fertilizer Spraying on Black Point,Yield and Quality of Spring Wheat

作　　者：孔德真 桑伟[1] 徐红军[1] 韩新年[1] 聂迎彬[1] 田笑明[1] KONG Dezhen;SANG Wei;XU Hongjun;HAN Xinnian;NIE Yingbin;TIAN Xiaoming(Institute of Crop Research,Xinjiang Academy of Agri-reclamation Sciences/Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院作物研究所/谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第33期14-18,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：兵团南疆重点产业创新发展支撑计划“项目名称”(2021DB010)。

摘　　要：为强筋春小麦‘新春38号’优质、高产栽培提供理论依据,研究了‘新春38号’在灌浆不同时期喷施叶面肥(磷酸二氢钾和芸苔素内酯)对籽粒黑胚病、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:2次混合喷施磷酸二氢钾和芸苔素内酯小麦产量较对照增产27.9%,千粒重显著提高,不育小穗数减小,黑胚率由原来21%降低到16.8%;一次混合喷施叶面肥后籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉淀值分别较对照增加1%、0.7%和4.54%,单一喷施磷酸二氢钾时面团形成时间和稳定时间较对照增大0.6 min和0.7 min,面团拉伸曲线和拉伸面积增大22 cm^(2)和91 BU,单一喷施芸苔素内酯对其没有显著的影响。因此,在小麦灌浆早期混合喷施叶面肥能有效改善春小麦‘新春38号’黑胚的发生,可提高产量和品质。To provide the theoretical basis for the high-quality and high-yield cultivation of the strong gluten spring wheat‘Xinchun38’,the effect of foliar fertilizer(KH2PO4 and brassinolide)in different periods of filling stage on black point disease,yield and quality was studied.The results showed that two times mixed spraying of KH2PO4 and brassinolide increased yield by 27.9%compared with the control,1000-kernel weight could be significantly increased,the number of sterile spikelets decreased,and the black point rate reduced from 21%to 16.8%.After a mixed spray of foliar fertilizer,the protein content,wet gluten content and precipitation values of the granules increased by 1%,0.7%and 4.54%compared with the control,respectively.When single spraying KH2PO4,the dough development time and stability time increased by 0.6 and 0.7 min.The tensile curve and the stretch area increased by 22 cm^(2)and 91 BU.The single spraying of brassinolide had no significant effect.Therefore,early mixed spraying of foliar fertilizer in wheat filling stage can effectively reduce the occurrence of black point of spring wheat‘Xinchun38’and improve yield and quality.

关 键 词：新春38号 叶面肥 黑胚病 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S481