耐荫性春大豆品系筛选及耐荫指标鉴定  

Shading-Tolerant Spring Soybean:Genotypes Screening and Identification of Shade Tolerance Indexes

作　　者：赵志鑫 傅蒙蒙 李曙光 王亚琪 余希文 张红梅[4] 陈华涛[4] 徐海风[1,2,3] ZHAO Zhixin;FU Mengmeng;LI Shuguang;WANG Yaqi;YU Xiwen;ZHANG Hongmei;CHEN Huatao;XU Haifeng(Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu,Huai’an,Jiangsu 223001;Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Lower Reaches of the Huaihe River,Huai’an,Jiangsu 223001;Huaian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology,Huai’an,Jiangsu 223001;Institute of Industrial Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安223001 [2]淮河下游种质创制重点实验室,江苏淮安223001 [3]淮安市农业生物技术重点实验室,江苏淮安223001 [4]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第33期25-32,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目“大豆玉米带状复合种植鲜食大豆品种精准筛选技术与新品种鉴定”(CX(22)5002);江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目“优质抗病鲜食大豆新品种选育及应用”(JBGS﹝2021﹞057);淮安市自然科学研究计划“大豆籽粒蔗糖含量累积动态及遗传调控网络解析”(HAB202168)。

摘　　要：为了探讨黄淮海地区遮荫胁迫对春大豆的影响,筛选春大豆耐荫鉴定指标和数学评价模型,本研究以大豆的10个指标的耐荫系数衡量单项指标的耐荫性,采用主成分分析法、隶属函数法和逐步回归法计算综合耐荫性评价值衡量25个大豆品系(种)的综合耐荫性。结果表明,不同大豆品系(种)对遮荫胁迫的响应不同;大豆株高、主茎节数和平均节间长度在荫蔽条件下会不同程度的增加,变异程度增大,而单株荚数、单株粒数、粒茎比、单株粒重和每荚粒数显著降低;综合耐荫评价值(D)的聚类分析将25个试验大豆品系(种)按照耐荫性的强弱划分为强耐荫型、较耐荫型、中度耐荫型、不耐荫型和极不耐荫型5类;建立黄淮海地区春大豆耐荫性评价数学模型D=-0.149+0.202X_(01)-0.054X_(04)+0.233X_(05)+0.233X_(07)(R^(2)=0.963),预测精度达82%。综上,筛选出株高、底荚高度、单株粒数和平均节间长度4个指标作为黄淮海耐荫春大豆鉴定指标,鉴定到6份强耐荫大豆材料。In order to study the effect of shading stress on spring soybean in the Huanghuaihai region,and to screen the identification indexes and mathematical evaluation model of spring soybean shade tolerance,the shade tolerance coefficients of 10 indicators of soybean were used to measure the shade tolerance of individual indicators,and the comprehensive shade tolerance evaluation value of 25 soybean genotypes was calculated by principal component analysis,membership function method and stepwise regression method.The results showed that different soybean genotypes responded differently to shading stress.The plant height,the node of main stem and average internode length increased to different degrees under shade conditions,and the degree of variation increased,while the pods per plant,grains per plant,grain-stem ratio,grain weight per plant and grain per pod decreased significantly.Based on the cluster analysis of shade tolerance evaluation value(D),the 25 test soybean genotypes were divided into five categories:strong shade-tolerant,more shade-tolerant,moderate shade-tolerant,shade-intolerant and extremely shade tolerant.A mathematical model for the evaluation of shade tolerance of spring soybeans in the Huanghuaihai region was established:D=-0.149+0.202X_(01)-0.054X_(04)+0.233X_(05)+0.233X_(07)(R^(2)=0.963),and the prediction accuracy reached 82%.In summary,four indexes,including the plant height,the height of lower pods,the average internode length and grains per plant,were screened as the identification indexes of Huanghuaihai shade-tolerant spring soybean,and six strong shade-tolerant soybean materials were identified.

关 键 词：大豆 遮荫胁迫 耐荫性评价 主成分分析法 隶属函数法 综合评价 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]