不同粒径烟秆炭对酸性红壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Tobacco Stalk Biochar with Different Particle Sizes on Physicochemical Properties of Acidic Red Soil

作　　者：王豪吉 官会林[1] 施梦馨 邓思迪 董明星 鲁子存 王海波 郝芸莹 徐武美 WANG Haoji;GUAN Huilin;SHI Mengxin;DENG Sidi;DONG Mingxing;LU Zicun;WANG Haibo;HAO Yunying;XU Wumei(Yunnan Provincial Observation and Research Station of Soil Degradation and Restoration for Cultivating Plateau Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500;Tonghai County Soil Fertilizer Station,Yuxi,Yunnan 652700;Tonghai County Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Yuxi,Yunnan 652700)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学高原特色中药材种植土壤质量演变退化与修复云南省野外科学观测研究站,昆明650500 [2]通海县土壤肥料工作站,云南玉溪652700 [3]通海县农业技术推广站,云南玉溪652700

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第33期85-91,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项“云南高原特色经济作物专用生物肥料创制及产业化应用”(202202AE090025);云南省应用基础研究计划项目“生物炭缓解三七连作障碍机理研究”(202001AT070078);云南(昆明)院士专家工作站“高原特色中药材绿色种植技术体系的创建与应用专家工作站”(YSZJGZZ-2021062);云南省大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目“不同粒径烟秆炭对云南镉污染红壤的修复效果研究”(202110681019);云南师范大学大学生科研训练基金项目“不同粒径烟秆炭改良云南酸性红壤效果研究”(KX2021043)。

摘　　要：生物炭作为新型土壤改良材料,已广泛应用于农业生产;然而,针对不同粒径生物炭对酸性红壤理化性质的影响还鲜见报道。对此,本研究以连续筛分获得的不同粒径烟秆炭(2.00~4.00、0.85~2.00、0.42~0.85与<0.42 mm)为供试材料,以青菜(Brassica rapa var. chinensis)为供试作物开展盆栽试验研究。结果表明:粒径为2.00~4.00 mm的烟秆炭对降低酸性红壤容重与增加田间持水量的效果最佳,<0.42 mm的烟秆炭对增加土壤pH、电导率与速效钾含量的效果最佳,而0.42~0.85 mm的烟秆炭对增加土壤有机质和水解氮含量的效果最佳,且作物产量最高(P<0.05)。施用不同粒径烟秆炭均显著提升了土壤质量综合指数(P<0.05),且其与作物产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。因此,不同粒径生物炭对土壤改良与作物增产的效果不同,在农业生产中应根据土壤理化特征,施用适宜粒径范围的生物炭。Biochar has been widely used in agricultural production as a new soil amendment material.However,the effects of biochar with different particle sizes(DPS-BC)on the physicochemical properties of acidic red soil are rarely reported.The effects of DPS-BC(2.00-4.00 mm,0.85-2.00 mm,0.42-0.85 mm and<0.42 mm)on physicochemical properties of the acidic red soil were investigated by a pot experiment,and a commonly consumed vegetable Brassica rapa var.chinensis was cultivated as test crop.The results showed that the biochar with particle size of 2.00-4.00 mm was the most effective in reducing soil bulk density and increasing water holding capacity of acidic red soil,while the particle size with<0.42 mm was the most effective in increasing soil pH,EC,and available K content,and the particle size with 0.42-0.85 mm was the most effective in increasing soil organic matter,available N content and promoting crop yield(P<0.05).The DPS-BC application significantly improved the comprehensive soil quality index(P<0.05),which significantly correlated with crop yield(P<0.01).Therefore,DPS-BCs have different effects on soil improvement and crop yield,and biochar with an appropriate particle size range should be selected in agricultural production according to soil physicochemical properties.

关 键 词：生物炭 酸性红壤 作物产量 综合肥力 

分 类 号：S513.06[农业科学—作物学]