基于心理账户的客运走廊公交换乘优惠策略  

Optimization of bus transfer preferential strategy in passenger corridor based on mental account theory

作　　者：吴文静[1] 熊康贝 杨丽丽[1] 蒲思旭 WU Wen-jing;XIONG Kang-bei;YANG Li-li;PU Si-xu(Transportation College of Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学交通学院,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报(工学版)》2023年第11期3113-3121,共9页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：吉林省教育厅科学研究项目(JJKH20211115KJ);教育部人文社科项目(19YJCZH189)。

摘　　要：为提高低碳公交出行的吸引力,对“优惠换乘”策略进行优化设计。对乘客感知的出行时间与费用成本账户进行分割,基于心理账户理论描述乘客的行为决策过程;构建客运走廊超网络模型,量化乘客多模式出行的广义时间成本;考虑乘客公交换乘出行链的差异性,设计票价优惠方案并量化出行的费用成本;在此基础上构建换乘优惠率优化的双层规划模型,上层以运营商收入最大化为目标,下层为多模式交通系统的平衡分配模型;采用遗传算法和相继平均法对模型进行求解,并对乘客感知成本对多模式选择影响的敏感性进行分析。算例结果表明:时间账户呈风险追求时能增加乘客公交换乘需求,费用账户呈风险追求时则减少,且乘客对时间账户的变动更敏感;在平峰与高峰时换乘优惠率分别取0.043与0.017元/min时,可实现公交出行占比提升及公交企业收入的增加。To improve the attractiveness of low-carbon travel way of public transportation,"preferential transfer"'strategy is optimized in this paper.The travel time and cost accounts perceived by passengers are split,and the passengers'decision-making processes are described based on mental account theory.The passenger corridor super network is constructed,and the generalized time cost of passenger multi-mode travels are quantified.Considering the difference of transfer travel-chain,passenger ticket discount method is designed and the travel cost is quantified.On this basis,a bi-level programming optimization model of discount rate is proposed.The upper layer aims at maximizing operators'revenue,and the lower layer is a balanced distribution model of multi-mode transportation system.Genetic algorithm and successive average method are used to solve the model,and the sensitivity analysis of the impact of passenger perceived risk on multi-mode selection is carried out.The results show that time account presenting risk pursuit of passengers can increase the demand of transfer trip,while expense account can reduce and passengers are more sensitive to the changes in time accounts.When the transfer discount rate is 0.043 and 0.017 yuan/min respectively in off-peak and peak hours,the transfer ratio can be increased and the income of bus enterprises can be increased at the same time.

关 键 词：交通运输系统工程 换乘优惠 心理账户 双层规划 多模式出行 

分 类 号：U121[交通运输工程]