2011—2021年南通市肺结核流行趋势及特征分析  

Epidemic trend and characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Nantong from 2011 to 2021

作　　者：孙晴 符剑[1] 张荣荣[1] 杨小梅[1] 王小平[1] SUN Qing;FU Jian;ZHANG Rongrong;YANG Xiaomei;WANG Xiaoping(Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nantong 226000,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南通市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南通226000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2023年第11期1318-1324,1331,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：南通市卫健委科研课题(项目编号:No.MB2020054)。

摘　　要：目的分析2011—2021年南通市肺结核流行趋势及特征,为进一步制定南通市结核病防控措施提供依据。方法利用国家结核病管理信息系统获取2011—2021年南通市结核病疫情相关数据,采用Joinpoint 4.9.1.0计算APC和AAPC,采用SPSS 26.0软件进行χ^(2)趋势检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2011—2021年南通市肺结核患者共登记33619例,年登记率总体呈逐年下降趋势,由2011年的56.59/10万下降至2021年的22.71/10万(AAPC=-9.00,t=-30.989,P<0.001);病原学阳性率在2011—2015年平稳波动(APC=0.112,t=0.018,P=0.986),随后逐年升高(APC=16.683,t=4.697,P=0.003);肺结核患者登记发病数在1至2月、10月处于全年低水平,3至5月出现高峰期,其余月份结核病登记数基本相当;累计登记例数位于前3位的是如皋市(6318例)、通州区(5374例)和启东市(5140例),分别占全部结核病登记数的18.79%、15.99%和15.29%。年均登记率崇川区(45.65/10万)、启东市(41.87/10万)、海门市(40.77/10万)和如皋市(40.30/10万)高于全市平均水平;2011—2021年南通市男性肺结核登记数及登记率均高于女性,男、女肺结核登记率呈逐年下降趋势,下降速率差异无统计学意义;0~4岁肺结核登记率处于低水平,随着年龄的增长,40岁及以上肺结核登记率呈上升趋势;患者主要分布在农民、工人、离退人员以及学生群体。结论2011—2021年南通市结核病患者登记数及登记率呈逐年下降的趋势,但结核病防治形势仍严峻,应特别关注男性、农民、老年群体,加强对疫情高发县(市)区、月份、人群的肺结核患者的发现、规范治疗、管理工作,以控制结核流行。Objective To analyze the epidemic trend and characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Nantong from 2011 to 2021,so as to provide basis for formulating tuberculosis prevention and control measures in Nantong.Methods Data related to tuberculosis epidemic situation in Nantong from 2011 to 2021 was collected from the national tuberculosis management information system.Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 was used to calculate APC and AAPC,and SPSS 26.0 software was used for trend Chi-square test.Results A total of 33619 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients were registered in Nantong from 2011 to 2021.The annual registered incidence rate showed a downward trend yearly,from 56.59/105 in 2011 to 22.71/105 in 2021(AAPC=-9.00,t=-30.989,P<0.001).The positive rate of etiology fluctuated steadily in 2011 to 2015(APC=0.112,t=0.018,P=0.986),and then increased year by year(APC=16.683,t=4.697,P=0.003).The number of registered cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients was at a low level in January,February and October,with a peak from March to May,and remained stable in other months.Ru Gao(6318 cases),Tong Zhou(5374 cases)and Qi Dong(5140 cases)ranked the top three in terms of cumulative registered cases,accounting for 18.79%,15.99%and 15.29%of the total registered cases of tuberculosis,respectively.The average annual registered incidence rate in Chongchuan(45.65/105),Qidong(41.87/105),Haimen(40.77/105)and Rugao(40.30/105)is higher than the average level of the whole city.From 2011 to 2021,the number and registration rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in males were higher than those in females in Nantong City.The registration rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in males and females showed a downward trend year by year;however,there was no significant difference in the decline rate between the males and females.The incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis between 0-4 years is at a low level.With the increase of age,the incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis over 40 years is on the rise.Most patients were mainly distributed in farmers,workers,retirees

关 键 词：肺结核 登记率 流行病学 趋势 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]