垄作模式与种植密度互作对露地花椰菜生长的影响  

Effects of Ridge Planting Pattern and Planting Density on Growth of Cauliflower in Open Field

作　　者：冯海萍[1] 杨虎 白晶晶 FENG Haiping;YANG Hu;BAI Jingjing(Institute of Horticulture,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《长江蔬菜》2023年第24期44-49,共6页Journal of Changjiang Vegetables

基　　金：宁夏自治区重点研发计划(2020BBF03016);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-23-G24);宁夏青年拔尖人才项目。

摘　　要：为确定花椰菜在宁南山区露地栽培的最佳作畦模式和种植密度,设置2个不同作畦模式(2行、3行;分别编号为T、N)和3个不同种植密度(2500、3000、3500株/667 m^(2);分别编号为1、2、3)的双因素试验,比较分析不同作畦模式与密度对花椰菜植株生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,花椰菜生长、产量及品质指标在不同作畦模式及种植密度处理下有所不同;株幅、花球质量、花球横径、中心柱高在2行作畦且密度在2500株/667 m^(2)时最优;可溶性蛋白含量在2行作畦且密度在3000株/667 m^(2)时最优;叶片数、花球纵径在3行作畦且密度在2500株/667 m^(2)时最优;株高、外茎高、产量、维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含、可溶性糖含量在3行作畦且密度在3000株/667 m^(2)时最优。综合考虑花椰菜植株生长、产量及品质指标,主成分分析最终排名N2>T2>N3>N1>T3>T1,2行和3行作畦且密度在3000株/667 m^(2)时排名前2,且3行作畦、种植密度在3000株/667 m^(2)时效果最好,可作为宁南山区露地花椰菜高产高效栽培参考。In order to determine the optimal bedding pattern and planting density of cauliflower in open field cultivation in mountainous area of southern Ningxia,two different bedding patterns(2 rows and 3 rows;T,N)and three different planting densities(2500,3000 and 3500 plants/667 m^(2);1,2 and 3)were set up a two-factor randomized block design to compare and analyze the effects of different bedding patterns and densities on the growth,yield and quality of cauliflower.The results showed that the growth,yield and quality indexes of cauliflower varied under different bedding patterns and planting densities.The plant width,the bulb weight,the bulb transverse diameter and the center column height were optimal in 2 rows of bedding and at the density of 2500 plants/667 m^(2);the soluble protein content was optimal in 2 rows of bedding and at the density of 3000 plants/667 m^(2);the number of leaves and the bulb longitudinally diameter were optimal in 3 rows of bedding and at the density of 2500 plants/667 m^(2);the plant height,the outer stem height,the yield,the vitamin C content,the soluble solids and the soluble sugar content were optimal in 3 rows of bedding at the density of 3000 plants/667 m^(2).Considering the plant growth,yield and quality indexes of cauliflower,the principal component analysis finally ranked N2>T2>N3>N1>T3>T1.The effect was the best when the 2 rows and 3 rows bedding were used and the planting density was 3000 plants/667 m^(2),which could be used as a reference for high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation of cauliflower in the open field in the mountainous areas of southern Ningxia.

关 键 词：花椰菜 宁南山区 作畦 种植密度 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S635.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]