突发公共卫生事件中公众不经核查的信息转发动机研究  

Exploring Motives of Unverified Information Sharing during Public Health Emergencies

作　　者：黄清[1] 倪彬彬 Huang Qing;Ni Binbin

机构地区：[1]浙江大学传媒与国际文化学院,杭州310028

出　　处：《新闻春秋》2023年第5期42-50,共9页Journalism Evolution

基　　金：2019年国家社会科学基金青年项目“移动传播中风险议题显著性演化的新机理研究”(项目批准号:19CXW029)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：虚假信息的广泛流传是突发公共卫生事件治理面临的一大挑战,而个体不经核查的转发行为则是导致“信息流行病”(infodemic)的根源。本文以突发公共卫生事件为背景,参照信息转发的相关理论,建构了一个解释个体为何不经核查就转发信息的多维动机模型。基于问卷调查,研究发现:就一般动机而言,“社会交往”与不经核查的信息转发正相关,而“利他动机”则与因变量负相关;针对特殊动机,“信息超载”“焦虑情绪”“从众感知”均与不经核查的信息转发正相关;而且,特殊动机的解释力明显强于一般动机。这一多维动机模型不仅整合拓展了信息转发的不同理论,还凸显了社会情景和媒介情景对于理解特定传播行为的重要性。该模型对于虚假信息治理也具有一定实践意义。The widespread misinformation has posed a huge challenge to the management of public health emergencies.Individuals'unverified information sharing on social media is one of the major causes of the infodemic.Against the backdrop of public health emergencies,this study drew on theories related to information sharing and proposed a multi-motive model to explain why people share information without verification.An online survey showed that among the general motives,socialization was positively associated with unverified information sharing,while altruism was negatively associated with unverified information sharing.In terms of the specific motives,information overload,anxiety,and perceived herd were all positively correlated to unverified information sharing.Notably,specific motives explained more variance in unverified information sharing than general motives did.The multi-motive model not only integrates and extends previous theories on information sharing,but also highlights the importance of social situation and media use situation in understanding specific communicative behaviors.Practical implications for misinformation management are discussed.

关 键 词：不经核查的转发行为 动机 虚假信息治理 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]