中国重金属污染耕地土壤安全利用存在问题与建议  

Problems and Suggestions on Safe Utilization of Heavy Metal(loid)-contaminated Farmlands in China

作　　者：徐建明[1] 何丽芝[2] 唐先进[1] 刘杏梅[1] XU Jianming;HE Lizhi;TANG Xianjin;LIU Xingmei(College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;College of Environment and Resources,College of Carbon Neutrality,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058 [2]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,碳中和学院,杭州311300

出　　处：《土壤学报》2023年第5期1289-1296,共8页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41991334,41721001);浙江省科技项目(2022C02046);现代农业产业技术体系岗位项目(CARS-01)资助

摘　　要：中国耕地土壤重金属污染情况不容乐观,如何安全利用重金属污染耕地仍是当今亟需解决的农业和环保问题。本文综合分析了近几年不同污染程度耕地土壤的安全利用措施,提出重金属低积累作物种植、重金属钝化技术、农艺调控及种植结构调整为当前污染耕地土壤安全利用的主要手段,并指出污染源防控力度不足、土壤污染与作物安全性关系不明、原位钝化技术风险及低积累作物利用效果的局限性仍然是中国污染耕地土壤安全、高效利用面临的主要问题,建议进一步完善污染土壤评价标准、健全污染土壤防控体系、优化污染土壤安全利用技术,以推动重金属污染耕地土壤的安全、高效和可持续利用。Heavy metal(loid)s-contaminated farmlands exist commonly in China,which is an urgent agricultural and environmental problem to be solved.According to heavy metal levels,application of low accumulation crops and soil amendments,as well as the utilization of agricultural managements are the current safe utilization technologies of contaminated farmlands.It was pointed out that the insufficient attention of farmland pollution sources,unclear relationship between soil pollution and crop safety,as well as the potential risk of soil amendments application and restriction of heavy metal(loid)s-low accumulation crops,were the main issues during the process of safe utilization of contaminated farmland.The improvements of evaluation standard,prevention system and safe utilization technologies of contaminated soils are suggested to guarantee the safety of crops production.

关 键 词：污染耕地 重金属 安全利用 解决措施 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]