水曲柳雌雄株复叶类型及光合功能对不同生境的响应  

Response of compound leaf types and photosynthetic function of male and female Fraxinus mandschurica to different habitats

作　　者：马常钦 黄海龙 彭政淋 吴纯泽 韦庆钰 贾红涛 卫星[1] MA Chang-Qin;HUANG Hai-Long;PENG Zheng-Lin;WU Chun-Ze;WEI Qing-Yu;JIA Hong-Tao;WEI Xing(School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2023年第9期1287-1297,共11页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572020DR05)。

摘　　要：植物复叶形态和光合功能是对生境响应的最直观表现之一,复叶光合能力和小叶数量直接反映出植物对生境的适应性。水曲柳(Fraxinus mandschurica)雌雄株存在一定的形态差异,其复叶在不同生境下也可能存在不同的适应性,为进一步分析雌雄异株型个体叶片对生境异质性的差异响应,该研究以长期生长在干旱盐碱生境和适宜生境的水曲柳成熟雌株和雄株复叶为研究对象,分析了两种生境中雌株和雄株复叶之间的性别差异以及不同小叶数量复叶间形态和光合功能性状的差异。研究发现:(1)和适宜生境相比,干旱盐碱生境中水曲柳雌株和雄株同一小叶数量复叶的形态和光合能力虽未表现出性别差异,但雌株9小叶型复叶数量占比的增加量高于雄株29.13%,11小叶型复叶数量占比的下降量高于雄株33.74%,雌株9小叶型复叶的光合速率下降量高于雄株10.98%。(2)在适宜生境中,雄株复叶数量集中分布在9小叶型和11小叶型,雌株复叶数量集中在11小叶型,雌株和雄株11小叶型复叶的比叶面积大于7小叶型和9小叶型复叶,干物质含量显著高于7小叶型和9小叶型复叶;在干旱盐碱生境中,雌株和雄株的复叶数量集中在9小叶型,虽然雌雄株9小叶型复叶的比叶面积小于11小叶型复叶,但9小叶型复叶的叶干质量高于11小叶型复叶;两生境中雌株和雄株9小叶型和11小叶型复叶的净光合速率也无显著差异。(3)在复叶形态和气体交换能力指标中,复叶的小叶数量占比、叶干质量、比叶面积和净光合速率具有较高的可塑性。综上所述,在适宜生境下,水曲柳雌雄株复叶的形态存在性别差异,表现为雌株主要发育11小叶型复叶,雄株主要发育9小叶型和11小叶型复叶,雌雄株间的光合功能未表现出性别差异;而在干旱盐碱生境下,水曲柳雌雄株复叶的形态和光合功能未表现出性别差异,雌株和雄株均主要发育9小叶�Aims The morphology and photosynthetic functions of compound leaf are one of the most intuitive manifestations of plant response to habitats.The changes of photosynthetic capacity and number of leaflets of compound leaf directly reflect the adaptability of plants to habitats.There are some morphological differences between male and female Fraxinus mandschurica,and their compound leaf may have different adaptabilities in various habitats.Methods This experiment took compound leaves male and female mature F.mandschurica growing in the drought saline-alkali habitat and suitable habitat as the research materials.The gender differences between female and male plants and the differences of morphology and photosynthetic function between compound leaf with different numbers of leaflets under two habitats were compared and analyzed.Important findingss The results showed that(1)compared with the suitable habitat,the morphology and photosynthetic capacity of compound leaf with the same number leaflets of female and male F.mandschurica under the drought saline-alkali habitat did not show gender difference,but the increment of percentages of compound leaf with 9 leaflets of female plants was 29.13%higher than that of the male plants,the decrement of percentages of compound leaf with 11 leaflets was 33.74%higher than that of the male plants,and the decreament of photosynthetic rate of compound leaf with 9 leaflets of female plants was 10.98%higher than that of the male plants.(2)Under the suitable habitat,the proportion of compound leaves of male plants was mainly concentrated within 9 and 11 leaflets,while the proportion of compound leaf of female plants was mainly concentrated within 11 leaflets.Meanwhile,the specific leaf area and leaf dry mass of compound leaves with 11 leaflets of female and male plants were greater than that of compound leaf with 7 and 9 leaflets.Under the drought saline-alkali habitat,the proportion of compound leaf of female and male plants was mainly concentrated in 9 leaflets.The specific leaf area o

关 键 词：水曲柳 雌雄异株 复叶 干旱盐碱生境 表型可塑性 

分 类 号：S792.41[农业科学—林木遗传育种]