The type of lipid supplement has crucial implications for forage particle size in calf starter diets  

作　　者：Pedram Panahiha Hamidreza Mirzaei‑Alamouti Mehdi Kazemi‑Bonchenari Mehdi Poorhamdollah Mina Vazirigohar Jorg R.Aschenbach 

机构地区：[1]Department of Animal Science,University of Zanjan,Zanjan 45371‑38791,Iran. [2]Department of Animal Science,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources,Arak University,Arak 38156‑8‑8349,Iran. [3]Department of Animal Science,College of Agriculture and Natural Resources,University of Tehran,Karaj 31587‑11167,Iran. [4]Zist Dam Group,University of Zanjan Incubator Center,Zanjan 45371‑38791,Iran. [5]Institute of Veterinary Physiology,Freie Universitat Berlin,Oertzenweg 19B,14163 Berlin,Germany.

出　　处：《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》2023年第6期2525-2538,共14页畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）

基　　金：Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL;the first author thesis (Grant No. 95–6102) that was financially supported by University of Zanjan,Iran;the Ministry of Science,Research and Technology,Iran;support by the open access publication fund of the Freie Universitat Berlin (Germany)

摘　　要：Background Forage inclusion in starters of young dairy calves has become an acceptable strategy in the last decade.To compensate for the lower energy provided by forage,concurrent lipid supplementation can be proposed.How-ever,ruminal microbial activity and forage digestibility may be decreased by lipid supplementation.We hypothesized that the composite effect of forage and lipid supplements may be dependent on forage particle size and the type of lipid supplement.Therefore,we evaluated the effect of long(LP;geometric mean,4.97 mm)vs.short alfalfa hay particle sizes(SP;geometric mean,1.26 mm)with either soybean oil(SBO)or palm fatty acids(PLF)as lipid source in a 2×2 factorial design with treatments SP-SBO,SP-PLF,LP-SBO,and LP-PLF.Treatments(n=13 with 6 males and 7 females each)were offered to Holstein calves(3 days old)with equal amounts of lipid(25 g/kg DM)through-out the experimental period.The milk offering scheme(d 1 to 53)was equal for all groups.Data collection continued until 20 d post-weaning.Results Interaction between forage particle size and lipid supplement was significant for the following readouts:the highest and lowest starter intakes during the pre-weaning period occurred in LP-PLF and LP-SBO,respectively.This was associated with similarly contrasting changes in average daily gain(ADG)during the post-weaning period,body weight at the end of experiment,withers height,digestibility of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber,and blood serum concentrations of glucose,beta-hydroxybutyrate,and insulin during the pre-weaning period.Dur-ing both pre-and post-weaning periods,the highest and lowest urinary excretion of allantoin and total purine deriva-tives,representing microbial protein synthesis,were observed in LP-PLF and LP-SBO,respectively,indicating that those diets were most and least favorable for rumen development.Irrespective of forage particle size,supplemental SBO vs.PLF increased serum malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress indicator across periods,increased blood urea nitrogen and feed e

关 键 词：Forage particle size Lipid supplement Oxidative stress Ruminal functional development 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]