基于SSR标记的西南地区野生带叶兜兰资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity of Wild Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum Populations in Southwest China with SSR Markers

作　　者：徐言 陈之光 徐玉凤 葛红[2] 杨树华[2] 赵鑫[2] 寇亚平 于晓南 贾瑞冬[2] XU Yan;CHEN Zhiguang;XU Yufeng;GE Hong;YANG Shuhua;ZHAO Xin;KOU Yaping;YU Xiaonan;JIA Ruidong(College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University/Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Inno-vation&Molecular Breeding/National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture/Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Eco-logical Environment,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Flower Crops(North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院/花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室/国家花卉工程技术研究中心/城乡生态环境北京市实验室,北京100083 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所/农业农村部花卉生物学与种质创制重点实验室(北方),北京100081

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第11期2208-2218,共11页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2021YFD1200200)。

摘　　要：带叶兜兰[Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Lindl.ex Hook.f.) Stein]具有较高的观赏价值,是中国珍稀濒危保护植物。为了研究中国西南地区野生带叶兜兰资源的遗传特性,促进野生带叶兜兰资源的保护和利用,本研究利用SSR分子标记技术对中国西南地区广西、云南、贵州3省(区)收集的6个居群190份带叶兜兰资源进行遗传多样性和群体遗传结构分析。结果表明:从115对引物中共筛选出10对扩增效果好的引物,10对SSR引物在190份带叶兜兰中共检测到50个等位基因,平均每个位点等位基因(N_(a))为5个,平均有效等位基因数(N_(e))为2.4835个;平均Shannon信息指数(I)为0.8592,平均观测杂合度(H_(o))为0.4518;平均期望杂合度(H_(e))为0.4387,平均Nei’s基因多样性指数(h)为0.4370,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.3996。6个野生带叶兜兰居群的N_(a)为2.8000~4.3000,N_(e)为1.9655~2.4060,H_(o)为0.3891~0.4839,H_(e)为0.3795~0.4683,Shannon信息指数(I)为0.6584~0.8369,Nei’s基因多样性指数(h)为0.3648~0.4382。广西雅长(GYC)和贵州万峰湖(QWF)居群具有较高的遗传多样性(h=0.4382,h=0.4276),广西木论(GML)居群具有最低的遗传多样性(h=0.3648)。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果表明,遗传变异主要发生在居群内个体间(94%),而居群内遗传分化很小(6%)。基于遗传距离构建的UPGMA聚类分析结果显示,6个居群遗传距离较小,居群间遗传距离和地理位置不完全相关。Structure和主坐标分析结果表明,居群间存在均质化现象,无明显类群划分。综上,带叶兜兰资源遗传多样性较为丰富,研究结果可为中国西南地区野生带叶兜兰资源的保护和利用提供理论依据。Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum(Lindl.ex Hook.f.) Stein is a rare and endangered plant in China with high ornamental value.In order to explore the genetic characteristics of wild P.hirsutissimum resources in Southwest China,and contribute to the protection and utilization of the wild resources,this study used SSR molecular marker to analyze the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 190 P.hirsutissimum resources which collected from six populations in Guangxi,Yunnan and Guizhou provinces in Southwest China.In this study,the results showed that ten pairs of primers with good amplification effect were selected from 115 pairs of primers,and 50 alleles were detected by 10 pairs of SSR primers of 190 P.hirsutissimum.The average number of alleles(N_a) was five and the average number of effective alleles(N_e) was 2.4835.The average Shannon information index(I) was 0.8592.The average observed heterozygosity(H_o) was 0.4518 and the average expected heterozygosity(H_e) was 0.4387.The average polymorphic information content(PIC) was 0.3996 and the average Nei's expected heterozygosty(h) was 0.4370.In this six wild P.hirsutissimum populations,the number of alleles(N_a) was from 2.8000 to 4.3000.The number of effective alleles(N_e) was from 1.9655 to 2.4060.The observed heterozygosity(H_o) was from 0.3891 to 0.4839.The expected heterozygosity(H_e) was from 0.3795 to 0.4683.The Shannon information index(I) was from 0.6584 to 0.8369,and the Nei's expected heterozygosty(h) was from 0.3648 to 0.4382.In the six wild populations,the genetic diversity of Guangxi Yachang(GYC) and Guizhou Wanfeng Lake(QWF) populations was generally higher(h=0.4382,h=0.4276),while the genetic diversity of Guangxi Mulun(GML) population was relatively low(h=0.3648).Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) results showed that genetic variation mainly occurred among individuals within the population(94%),while genetic differentiation within populations was very small(6%).UPGMA cluster analysis based on genetic distance showed that the genetic dista

关 键 词：带叶兜兰 野生居群 SSR标记 遗传多样性 遗传结构 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]