损伤对DNAN基熔铸炸药点火后反应增长的影响  

Effect of Damage on Reaction Growth of DNAN Based Melt-cast Explosive after Ignition

作　　者：杨年 马腾 黄寅生[1] 周宝晶 刘大斌[1] 徐森[1,2] YANG Nian;MA Teng;HUANG Yin-sheng;ZHOU Bao-jing;LIU Da-bin;XU Sen(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210018,China;China National Quality Supervision Testing Centre for Industrial Explosive Materials,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210018,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210018 [2]南京理工大学民用爆破器材质量监督检测中心,江苏南京210018

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2023年第11期990-998,I0005,共10页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.12272184)。

摘　　要：为了研究损伤对2,4-二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN)基熔铸炸药点火后反应增长的影响,获取反应增长过程特性参数,对预置了不同损伤的5组样品开展了点火后反应增长的试验研究。采用单色光屏蔽技术屏蔽炸药反应过程中产生的强光干扰;采用高速相机加装单色光透镜观察记录整个反应增长过程,获得炸药反应增长过程的图像演化;采用压力测试系统测量反应容器内压力变化过程,获得反应增长过程压力变化。结果表明,DNAN基熔铸炸药点火后反应增长过程主要包括点火、缓慢反应和快速反应等阶段;试验中样品点火延滞时间随着损伤的增加而减少,受挤压形成1.26%损伤的样品除外;5组样品点火延滞时间均值为1.140ms;缓慢反应持续时间随着损伤程度的增加不断减少直至为0,损伤的出现加速了反应增长的进程;在快速反应阶段,反应持续时间和容器内最大压力均随着损伤程度的增加而减小;最大压力变化率随着损伤程度的增加先变大后减小,但均大于没有损伤的样品;在受高温刺激具有0.44%损伤程度的样品中,最大压力变化率为13.67MPa/ms。To investigate the effect of damage on the reaction growth of 2,4-dinitroanisole(DNAN)based melt-cast explosive after ignition and to obtain the characteristic parameters of reaction growth,five groups of samples with different presets of damage were tested for reaction growth after ignition.In the reaction growth test after ignition,monochromatic light shielding technology was used to shield the strong light interference generated during the explosive reaction process;Using a high-speed camera equipped with a monochromatic light lens to observe and record the entire reaction growth process,and the image evolution of the explosive reaction growth process was obtained.A pressure testing system was used to test the pressure change process inside the reaction vessel and to obtain the pressure change during the reaction growth process.The results show that the reaction growth process of DNAN-based melt cast explosive after ignition mainly includes ignition,slow reaction and fast reaction.In the test,the ignition delay time of the samples decreases with the increase of damage,except for the samples with 1.26%damage caused by extrusion.The average ignition delay time of the five groups of samples is 1.140ms.The duration of slow reaction decreases to 0 with the increase of damage degree,and the occurrence of damage accelerates the process of reaction growth.In the rapid reaction stage,the reaction duration and maximum pressure in the vessel decrease with the increase of damage degree.With the increase of damage degree,the maximum pressure change rate first increases and then decreases,but it is greater than that of the samples without damage.In the samples with 0.44%damage degree stimulated by high temperature,the maximum pressure change rate is 13.67MPa/ms.

关 键 词：材料力学 损伤 2 4-二硝基苯甲醚 DNAN基熔铸炸药 反应增长 最大压力变化率 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]