小批量废弃发射药焚烧安全与污染物排放控制  

Safety and Pollutant Emissions Control of Small Batch Waste Gun Propellant Incineration

作　　者：金国瑞 王沫茹 张超 徐宴钧 刘军 廖昕[1,2] 何卫东[1,2] JIN Guo-rui;WANG Mo-ru;ZHANG Chao;XU Yan-jun;LIU Jun;LIAO Xin;HE Wei-dong(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Key Laboratory of Special Energetic Materials,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Luzhou North Chemical Industries Co.,Ltd.,Luzhou Sichuan 646605,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]南京理工大学特种能源材料教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210094 [3]泸州北方化学工业有限公司,四川泸州646605

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2023年第11期1014-1022,I0006,共10页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

摘　　要：为了解决生产和使用过程中产生的小批量废弃发射药处理问题,在自主建立的移动式火炸药小型焚烧炉中,研究了单基、双基、混合酯3种具有代表性的废弃发射药焚烧过程中焚烧炉内压力、温度等的变化情况和不同烟气处理工艺对焚烧过程中产生的污染物,特别是NO_(x)(NO与NO_(2))的处理效果。结果表明,焚烧炉焚烧过程运行稳定,焚烧炉内温度和压力未出现异常,焚烧过程安全可靠;废弃发射药焚烧的主要污染物为NO_(x)和CO;采用二次燃烧技术即可基本消除污染物中的CO;采用选择性非催化还原(SNCR)技术可使NO_(x)减少68.56%,实现了污染物的超低排放。研究结果为小批量废弃含能材料安全、清洁的焚烧处理提供了有效的技术途径和手段。In order to solve the problem for treating small quantities of waste gun propellants generated during production and use,in the independently established mobile small incinerator of energetic materials,three representative waste gun propellants of single-base,double-base and mixed nitric ester were selected to study the changes of pressure and temperature in the incinerator and the effect of different flue gas treatment processes on the pollutants generated during incineration,especially NO_(x)(NO and NO 2).The results showed that the incinerator burning process was stable,the temperature and pressure in the incinerator did not appear abnormal,and the incineration process was safe and reliable.The main pollutants of waste gun propellants incineration were NO_(x) and CO.The secondary combustion technology was able to basically eliminate CO.The selective non-catalytic reduction(SNCR)technology reduced NO_(x) by 68.56%,achieving ultra-low emission of pollutants.This study provides effective technical ways and means for the safe and clean treatment of small quantities of waste gun propellants.

关 键 词：应用化学 废弃发射药 焚烧炉 焚烧安全性 污染物 氮氧化物控制 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ562[化学工程—炸药化工]