有序推进我国生物育种产业化应用的对策与建议  

Countermeasures and Suggestions for Promoting the Industrialization of China’s Biological Breeding Technology

作　　者：郭静利 张宇宏[1] 盛彩娇 GUO Jingli;ZHANG Yuhong;SHENG Caijiao(Biotechnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;China Development Press,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081 [2]中国发展出版社,北京100176

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2023年第12期1-5,共5页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：中国农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(Y2023ZK15)。

摘　　要：现代生物育种技术是一项研发速度快、应用范围广、产业影响大的育种技术,较常规育种具有效率高、精度好、研发周期短等优势,已成为全球种业科技发展的重点。概述了我国生物育种产业化发展现状,基于产业化发展中存在的问题提出了推进对策和建议。目前,我国以转基因、基因编辑、全基因组选择等为代表的现代生物育种技术与发达国家并行推进,生物育种产业化启动局部试点。我国生物育种产业化发展取得积极进展,生物育种产业已成为农村经济发展的重要增长点,全产业链技术创新体系初步建立,产业政策法规体系基本形成,但仍存在生物育种研发装备对外依存度较高、关键核心技术受制于人、市场竞争力不强、产业化应用知识产权保护配套体系滞后等突出问题,亟需加强生物育种组织体系、技术攻关体系、科技装备体系、市场监管体系建设,注重培育大型跨国市场主体,为有序推进我国生物育种产业化发展提供支撑。Compared with traditional breeding technology,modern biological breeding technology has many advantages,such as high efficiency,good precision and short R&D cycle.It has become the research focus in the global seed industry.This article summarized the current development status of biological breeding industrialization in China,and proposed promotion strategies and suggestions based on the problems existing in the industrialization development.In China,modern biological breeding technologies represented by transgenic,gene editing,and genomic selection technologies are progressing in parallel with developed countries,and pilot projects for the industrialization of biological breeding have been initiated.Positive progress has been made in the industrialization of biological breeding in China,with the biological breeding industry becoming an important driver of rural economic development,the establishment of a preliminary technological innovation system across the entire industry chain,and the formation of a basic industrial policy and regulatory system.However,there are still prominent issues that need to be addressed,such as a high dependence on foreign R&D equipment in biological breeding,constraints on key core technologies,weak market competitiveness,and a lag in the supporting system for intellectual property rights in industrial applications of biological breeding.It is urgent to strengthen the construction of the biological breeding organization system,the technology research and development system,the scientific and technological equipment system,and the market supervision system.Emphasis should be placed on cultivating large multinational market entities to provide support for the orderly development of China’s industrialization of biological breeding.

关 键 词：生物育种 产业化 现状 主要问题 对策建议 

分 类 号：S336[农业科学—作物遗传育种]