播期密度耦合对向日葵生长发育、产量及构成因素的影响  

Effects of Sowing Date Density Coupling on Growth,Yield and Composition of Sunflower

作　　者：刘文杰 郑磊 段维[2] LIU Wenjie;ZHENG Lei;DUAN Wei(Xinjiang Xinrui Hengfeng Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830000;Crop Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆新锐恒丰农业科技有限公司,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆农垦科学院作物所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2023年第5期46-50,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重点科技攻关项目(2016AC024)。

摘　　要：播期和密度是影响向日葵产量和品质的两大主要因素,适宜的播期和种植密度是向日葵高产优质的重要保证。本研究以目前新疆主推向日葵品种KWS303和SH363作为材料进行大田试验,研究了不同播期和密度对向日葵生育进程、植株形态及产量的影响。推迟播种,向日葵的出苗速度加快,全生育期缩短;在一定范围内,随着播期的推迟密度增加,向日葵的株高呈增加趋势,播期推迟灌浆期的主茎绿叶数、茎粗增加,对花盘直径的影响则较小。相同播期随密度的增加,灌浆期的主茎绿叶数、茎粗、花盘直径则减少,在播期密度双因素互作效应下两个品种的产量均以A2B2处理最高。Sowing date and density are the two main factors affecting the yield and quality of sunflower.Suitable sow⁃ing date and planting density are important guarantees for high-yielding and high-quality sunflowers.In this paper,field experiments were conducted using the main sunflower varieties KWS303 and SH363 in Xinjiang to investigate the effects of different sowing dates and densities on the growth process,plant morphology,and yield of sunflowers.Delayed sowing accelerated the emergence of sunflower seedlings and shortened the whole growth period.Within a certain range,the plant height of sunflower increased with the delay of sowing date and the number of green leaves and stem diameter of main stem increased with the delay of sowing date and filling stage,but the effect on disk diam⁃eter was small.With the increase of the density at the same sowing date,the number of green leaves and diameter of the thick disk of the main stem decreased at the filling stage,and the yield of the two varieties was the highest under the double factor of sowing date density or the effect of sowing date density.

关 键 词：向日葵 播期 密度 生育进程 形态指标 产量 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]