脉冲直流电喷雾质谱法快速检测毛发中4种苯丙胺类药物  

Rapid detection of four amphetamine-type drugs in hair by pulsed direct current electrospray mass spectrometry

作　　者：米琨 章文天 闻路红 王进 MI Kun;ZHANG Wentian;WEN Luhong;WANG Jin(International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan,Beijing 100102,China;China Innovation Instrument Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315000,China;Research Institute of Advanced Technologies,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]国际竹藤中心,北京100102 [2]宁波华仪宁创智能科技有限公司,浙江宁波315200 [3]宁波大学高等技术研究院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《色谱》2023年第12期1141-1148,共8页Chinese Journal of Chromatography

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C03135);宁波市公益类科技计划项目(2022S012).

摘　　要：苯丙胺类药物具有成瘾性和致幻性的特点,滥用问题严重。毛发具有易保存、稳定、可检测时限长的优势,是追溯长期药物滥用史的重要样本。针对现有苯丙胺类药物快速检测技术的不足,以及实验室仪器无法应用于现场快速检测等问题,本文将脉冲直流电喷雾电离(pulsed direct current electrospray ionization,Pulsed-DC-ESI)与便携式质谱仪联用,建立了毛发中4种苯丙胺类药物(苯丙胺、甲基苯丙胺、3,4-亚甲基二氧基苯丙胺、3,4-亚甲双氧基甲基苯丙胺)的快速检测方法。毛发以甲醇为提取溶剂,用研磨法提取,离心后取上清液,直接经Pulsed-DC-ESI离子化后进行质谱分析。实验优化了离子源参数,包括喷雾毛细管尖端内径、电极与待测溶液间距、喷雾电压等。结果表明,该方法可在20 s内完成4种供试药物的同时检测。苯丙胺的线性范围为1~25 ng/mg,甲基苯丙胺的线性范围为1~100 ng/mg,其他两种药物的线性范围为1~50 ng/mg,线性相关系数均大于0.99,4种苯丙胺类药物的检出限为0.1~0.2 ng/mg,定量限为1 ng/mg,加标回收率为86.6%~114.7%,日内精密度为4.14%~7.34%,日间精密度为3.71%~8.43%。将该方法应用于检测机构提供的2000份实际样品的快速检测,其中有5例甲基苯丙胺阳性样本被检出,与传统司法鉴定方法的结果一致。该方法具有检出限低、准确和快速等特点,适合于毛发中4种苯丙胺类药物的快速检测,同时解决了大型质谱仪无法便携移动和传统快检方法定量能力不足的问题,有助于提升一线缉毒现场对苯丙胺类药物的快速检测能力。Amphetamine-type drugs are synthetic compounds with an amphetamine parent structure.These compounds cause addiction,central nervous system excitation,and hallucinations.The number of drug users worldwide has gradually increased because amphetamine-type drugs can be synthesized in a simple and artificial manner.The current methods for anti-drug screening and toxicant identification are limited by the large quantity and variety of the drug analytes and long detection times.Thus,the development of broad-spectrum,rapid,and high-throughput detection methods is an urgent necessity.In addition,conventional amphetamine-type drug test samples,such as blood and urine,are only suitable for short-term drug identification.Hair has the advantages of easy preservation,stability,and a long detection window,which can compensate for the deficiencies of body-fluid-based test materials.Hair samples can reflect long-term drug use,which is beneficial for tracing drug sources,and has become an important means of providing evidence in court.Because most laboratory instruments are unable to perform the rapid on-site detection of amphetamine-type drugs in hair,establishing a high-throughput,qualitative and quantitative rapid on-site detection method is necessary.In this study,pulsed direct current electrospray ionization(Pulsed-DC-ESI)coupled with mass spectrometry was used for the rapid detection of four amphetamine-type drugs(amphetamine,methamphetamine,3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine,and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine)in hair.Methanol was used as the extraction solvent,and the grinding method was used for extraction.The pretreatment process included cutting,grinding,and centrifugation.The pretreatment time for each sample was about 10 min.Multiple samples could be processed in batches,greatly improving the efficiency of analysis.Pulsed-DC-ESI is an ambient ionization technology that can be conducted via direct injection without chromatographic separation.The tip of the spray capillary tube was immersed 1 cm below the surface of the sa

关 键 词：脉冲直流电喷雾电离 苯丙胺类药物 毛发 快速检测 

分 类 号：O658[理学—分析化学]