豆粕饲料中添加丁酸钠对大口黑鲈肠道菌群组成的影响  

Effect of dietary sodium butyrate supplementation on intestinal microbiota composition of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)fed high-soybean meal diets

作　　者：常阔 高世阳 田二杰 孙晓辉 赵晓雨 孙平[1] 陈卫军 CHANG Kuo;GAO Shiyang;TIAN Erjie;SUN Xiaohui;ZHAO Xiaoyu;SUN Ping;CHEN Weijun(Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan Province 471000,China;Luoyang Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center,Luoyang,Henan Province 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471000 [2]洛阳市农业技术推广服务中心,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第23期107-113,共7页China Feed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32202952);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110368,212102110361)。

摘　　要：为探究豆粕饲料中添加丁酸钠对大口黑鲈肠道菌群组成的影响,以初始体重为(6.30±0.01)g的大口黑鲈为研究对象,试验设对照组(鱼粉组)、豆粕组(豆粕替代30%鱼粉)和丁酸钠组(豆粕组饲料基础上添加0.2%的丁酸钠)。每个处理组3个重复,每个重复30尾。养殖试验为期56 d。结果显示:豆粕组肠道菌群组成显著改变,而添加丁酸钠降低了豆粕饲料引起的菌群组成改变,并与对照组菌群组成更加接近。相比对照组,豆粕组厚壁菌门、乳杆菌属、魏斯氏菌属和片球菌属的相对丰度分别下降了89.4%、95.6%、71.2%和73.9%,软壁菌门和支原体属的相对丰度分别升高了4797.0%和5073.0%(P<0.05)。相比豆粕组,丁酸钠组厚壁菌门、拟杆菌属和萄球菌属的相对丰度分别增加了442.8%、911.1%和569.0%,软壁菌门和支原体属的相对丰度分别降低了98.3%和98.3%(P<0.05)。功能预测表明,豆粕组大口黑鲈肠道菌群在“氨基酸转运代谢”“RNA加工修饰”“能量生成和转换”“翻译、核糖体结构和生物合成”等功能类群的相对丰富显著提高,在“抵御机制”“碳水化合物转运代谢”“复制、重组和修复”功能类群的相对丰富显著降低(P<0.05)。相比于豆粕组,丁酸钠组大口黑鲈肠道菌群在“复制、重组和修复”功能类群的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05)。结果表明,在豆粕饲料中添加丁酸钠可明显改善肠道菌群组成,促进有益菌增殖,抑制有害菌生长,保护鱼类肠道健康。The study aimed to investigate the effects of sodium butyrate on intestinal microflora composition of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)fed high-soybean meal diets.The initial body weight of largemouth bass was(6.30±0.01)g.Three experimental diets were formulated:Control group(fish meal group),soybean meal group(30%fish meal in control was replaced by soybean meal)and sodium butyrate group(0.2%sodium butyrate was added to the diet of soybean meal group).There were 3 replicates in each treatment group and 30 fish in each replicate.The experiment lasted for 56 days.The results showed that the composition of intestinal flora in soybean meal group was significantly changed.Sodium butyrate group reduced the intestinal flora changes induced by the soybean meal and its microbiota composition was more similar to that in the control group.Compared with the control group,the relative abundances of Firmicutes,Lactobacillus,Weisella and Pediococcus in the soybean meal goup were decreased by 89.4%,95.6%,71.2%and 73.9%,respectively,while the relative abundances of Tenericutes and Mycoplasma were increased by 4797.0%and 5073.0%,respectively(P<0.05).Compared with the soybean meal group,the relative abundances of Firmicutes,Bacteroides and Staphylococcus in the sodium butyrate group were increased by 442.8%,911.1%and 569.0%,respectively,while the relative abundances of Tenericutes and Mycoplasma were decreased by 98.3%and 98.3%,respectively(P<0.05).The functional prediction showed that the relative abundance of intestinal microflora in the soybean meal group was significantly increased in the functional groups of“amino acid transport and metabolism”,“RNA processing and modification”,“energy production and conversion”,“translation,ribosome structure and biosynthesis”.The relative abundance of functional groups in“defense mechanism”,“carbohydrate transport and metabolism”,“replication,recombination and repair”was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with soybean meal group,the relative abundance

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 豆粕 鱼粉 丁酸钠 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]