猪胆粉中重金属污染特征及健康风险评价  

Characterization of Heavy Metal Contamination and Health Risk Assessment in Suis Fellis Pulvis

作　　者：廖予菲[1,2] 卢昌晶 王萍[1] 张瑞瑞[1] LIAO Yufei;LU Changjing;WANG Ping;ZHANG Ruirui(Shaanxi Institute of International Trade&Commerce,Xi'an Shaanxi 712046,China;Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Manufacturing Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xi'an Shaanxi 712046,China;Shaanxi New Silk Road Quality Inspection Technology Evaluation Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an Shaanxi 712046,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西国际商贸学院,陕西西安712046 [2]陕西国际商贸学院/陕西省中药绿色制造技术协同创新中心,陕西西安712046 [3]陕西新丝路质量检测技术评估有限公司,陕西西安712046

出　　处：《中医药导报》2023年第11期74-78,共5页Guiding Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2022SF-340);陕西省中医药管理局科研项目(2021-ZZ-ZY006);陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(21JK0520)。

摘　　要：目的:检测猪胆粉中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铬(Cr)、镍(Ni)等元素的含量,并进行污染等级及人体健康风险分析。方法:采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对猪胆粉中8种重金属含量进行测定。结果:17批次样品中,8种重金属元素均有检出,其中Cu、Cr、Ni超标较为严重,超标率分别达到94.1%、88.2%、35.3%。单项污染指数从大到小排序为:Ni>Cr>Cu>Zn>Hg>As>Pb>Cd,说明猪胆粉药材主要受到Ni、Cr、Cu3种元素的污染,猪胆粉受8种重金属污染的等级均达到了警戒级及以上。但8种重金属的HI与HQ平均值均小于1,即不具有非致癌健康风险。各元素的Risk均小于1×10^(-4),猪胆粉药材整体上不具备致癌风险。结论:各批次猪胆粉药材均存在不同程度的重金属污染,但健康风险较低,其中Cu、Hg等元素污染还需关注。Objective:To detect the content of lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),chromium(Cr),nickel(Ni)and other elements in Suis Fellis Pulvis,and to conduct pollution level and human health risk analysis.Methods:Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the content of eight heavy metals in Suis Fellis Pulvis.Results:In 17 batches of samples,almost all of the eight heavy metals were detected.However,Cu,Cr,and Ni were found to exceed the standard by 94.1%,88.2%,and 35.3%,respectively.The individual contamination indices in descending order are Ni,Cr,Cu,Zn,Hg,As,Pb,and Cd.This indicates that the Suis Fellis Pulvis herbs are mainly contaminated by three elements:Ni,Cr,and Cu.The Suis Fellis Pulvis was found to be contaminated with eight heavy metals,all at alert levels and above.Despite this,the mean HI and HQ values for all eight heavy metals were less than 1,indicating that they do not pose a non-carcinogenic health risk.Additionally,the risk for each individual element was found to be less than 1×10-4,and as a whole,Suis Fellis Pulvis does not pose a carcinogenic risk.Conclusion:Although all batches of Suis Fellis Pulvis herbs have varying degrees of heavy metal contamination,the health risk is considered low.However,it is important to note that elemental contamination,such as Cu and Hg,still requires attention.

关 键 词：猪胆粉 重金属 电感耦合等离子体质谱 污染等级评价 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]