近40 a闽江流域森林景观格局动态变化  

Dynamic Changes of Forest Landscape Pattern in Minjiang Valley in the Recent 40 Years

作　　者：亓兴兰[1] QI Xinglan(Fujian Forestry Vocational and Technical College,Nanping 353000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建林业职业技术学院,福建南平353000

出　　处：《北华大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期96-102,共7页Journal of Beihua University（Natural Science）

基　　金：南平市自然科学基金联合资助项目(2019J14);福建省林业局科技项目(闽林科[2013]5号);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JZ180460);福建省资源环境监测与可持续经营利用重点实验室开放课题(ZD1801)。

摘　　要：以1986年、2003年、2021年3期Landsat遥感影像数据和森林资源连续清查数据等为基础数据,从景观要素斑块特征、景观要素空间构型与景观异质性3个方面构建景观格局指数,分析闽江流域森林景观格局的动态变化及影响因素。结果表明:2021年,有林地面积占闽江流域林地面积的68.28%,是流域景观的基质类型;1986—2003年,有林地面积增加了349134.5 hm^(2);2003—2021年,有林地面积增加了392508.77 hm^(2)。有林地景观要素边缘密度、内缘比增大,平均形状指数与分维数均减小,斑块边界趋于光滑、简单、有规则。流域斑块总数减小,总周长与斑块平均面积增大,景观破碎化降低,分布趋于聚集。在景观异质性方面,优势度指数与香农多样性指数增大,均匀度指数减小,说明优势景观有林地对整个流域景观的控制作用增大,景观稳定性增强,异质性降低。综上可知,闽江流域森林景观边缘效应增加,破碎度降低,景观生态功能增强,生态环境质量提升。Based on Landsat remote sensing image data of the three issues in 1986,2003,2021 and continuous inventories data of forest resources,this research used landscape pattern index from patch characteristics,spatial configuration of landscape elements and landscape heterogeneity to analyze the dynamic changes and influencing factors of the forest landscape pattern in Minjiang Valley.The results showed that the forest land accounted for 68.28%of the whole region in 2021,which was the base of the valley landscape.From 1986 to 2003,the landscape area of forest land increased by 349134.5 hm^(2),and the area increased by 392508.77 hm^(2)during 2003—2021.The edge density and the ratio of inner edge increased,the average shape index and fractal dimension decreased,and the patch boundary tended to be smooth,simple and regular.The total number of patches decreased,total perimeter and average area of patches increased,landscape fragmentation decreased and distribution tended to gather.In landscape heterogeneity,Shannon dominance index and Shannon diversity index increased,while Shannon evenness index decreased.The dominant landscape forest land controlled the valley landscape,the landscape stability enhanced,and the heterogeneity reduced.In conclusion,the edge effect of forest landscape in Minjiang Valley increased,the fragmentation decreased,the ecological function of landscape enhanced,and the ecological environment quality improved.

关 键 词：森林景观格局 动态变化 遥感影像 闽江流域 

分 类 号：S757.4[农业科学—森林经理学] S771.8[农业科学—林学]