中国民生发展的城乡差距演进及其形成机制  

The evolution of the urban-rural gap in people's livelihood construction and its formation mechanism

作　　者：陈明华[1] 张边秀 李倩 王哲 CHEN Ming-hua

机构地区：[1]山东财经大学经济学院 [2]上海财经大学城市与区域科学学院

出　　处：《城市问题》2023年第10期85-93,103,共10页Urban Problems

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22BJY191)——“高质量发展背景下黄河流域生态福利绩效的空间格局及协同提升路径研究”。

摘　　要：运用熵权法测度2006—2019年我国民生发展的城乡差距水平,借助传统和空间Kernel密度估计方法探究民生发展城乡差距的动态演进特征,并从结构视角揭示其形成机制。研究发现:全国及四大区域民生发展的城乡差距水平呈下降趋势,表征为“西高东低”的分布格局。全国及东西部地区民生发展的城乡差距水平分别呈“多极—单极”与“多极—两极”分化的演进轨迹,中部和东北地区则呈两极分化趋势。除东部地区民生发展的城乡差距水平表现出“俱乐部趋同”外,其他地区均呈“向下转移”趋势。全国及东西部地区的正向溢出效应显著。结构视角下,全国及东北地区民生发展城乡差距水平的极化趋势由人民生活差距决定,东部和中西部地区则分别由生态建设差距和社会发展差距决定;人民生活差距是全国民生发展城乡差距水平转移的主要成因,而各区域长期转移的形成机制存在明显的异质性。This paper uses the entropy weight method to measure the urban-rural gap in the development of people's livelihood in China from 2006 to 2019.Based on the traditional and spatial Kernel density estimation methods,this paper explores the dynamic evolution characteristics of the urban-rural gap in people's livelihood development,and reveals its formation mechanism from the structural perspective.The results show that the urban-rural gap of the development of people's livelihood in the whole country and the four major regions shows a fluctuating downward trend,and it shows a distribution pattern of“west-high east-low”,The urban-rural gap level of people's livelihood development in the whole country and the eastern and western regions shows the evolution trajectory of“multipole-unipolar”and“multipole-polar”dfferentiation respectively,while the central and northeastern regions show the trend of polarization.Except for the urban-rural gap in the development of people's livelihood in the eastern region,which showed“club convergence”,all other regions showed“downward transfer”.The positive spillover effect is significant for the whole country and the eastern and western regions.From a structural perspective,the polarization trend of the urban-rural gap in people's livelihood development across the country and northeast regions is mainly determined by the polarization characteristics of the living gap,while the eastern and central western regions are respectively determined by the polarization characteristics of the ecological construction gap and the social development gap.The living gap is the main cause of the level transfer of the urban-rural gap in the development of people's livelihood in China,and the formation mechanism of long-term transfer in different regions is obviously heterogeneous.

关 键 词：民生发展 城乡差距 共同富裕 动态演进 Kernel密度估计 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济] F124.7