基于生态系统服务与生态敏感性的国家公园风景空间生态功能区划——以神农架国家公园为例  

Zoning of National Park Scenic Area Ecological Function Based on Ecosystem Services and Ecological Sensitivity:A Case Study of Shennongjia National Park

作　　者：刘思源 韩鸿远 孙彦斐 LIU Siyuan;HAN Hongyuan;SUN Yanfei(College of Art&Design,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,China,211816;School of Art,Nanjing University ofInformation Science&Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu,China,210044)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学艺术设计学院,南京211816 [2]南京信息工程大学艺术学院,南京210044

出　　处：《园林》2023年第12期82-90,共9页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：江苏省社会科学应用研究精品工程地方志专项课题项目“地方志中江苏八景文化景观特质识别研究”(编号:22SFZC-04)。

摘　　要：风景空间的生态功能的科学区划,是国家公园生态系统完整性与原真性发展的重要因素之一。以神农架国家公园为例,综合风景空间各类构成要素,通过建立地理空间数据库的方式识别各类风景空间特质。结合识别结果,以生态系统服务与生态敏感性为生态功能评估维度,将生态功能分区分为严格保护区、生态涵养区、养护利用区、生态监控区4个区域。研究发现,严格保护区占比较小,风景空间的游憩活动应严格限制;生态保育区多为原始森林等风景空间,风景空间类型稳定性强;生态保育区分布较为集中,多集中于东部森林地、峡谷地等海拔较低的区域,应在着重培育生态系统服务功能,作为整个研究区生态环境提升的保障;生态监控区集中在研究区中部海拔较高的区域,分布相对集中。此区域植被多为高山草甸,应加强其生态监控,防止生态系统退化的现象。保育利用区占比最高,在传统游憩利用、经营、生产生活活动的同时,应坚持生态发展,协调区域内的人与风景空间的和谐关系,探索人与资源共存、共赢的发展方式。The scientifi c zoning of the ecological function of landscape space is one of the important factors for the development of the integrity and authenticity of the ecosystem in the national park.Illustrated by the case of Shennongjia National Park,this study amalgamates diverse components of scenic spaces,and identifi es their distinctive attributes through the establishment of a com-prehensive geographic spatial database.Combined with the identifi cation results,this study informs the classifi cation of ecolog-ical functional area into four distinct regions:the Strict Protection Area,the Ecological Conservation Area,the Maintenance and Utilization Area,and the Ecological Monitoring Area.These areas are assessed based on the dimensions of ecosystem services and ecological sensitivity.It is discerned through the research that the proportion of Strict Protection Areas is relatively modest,thereby necessitating stringent regulations on recreational activities within these picturesque areas.The ecological conservation areas predominantly comprise original forests and other steadfast landscape formations.They are primarily concentrated in regions of lower altitudes,such as the eastern forested areas and canyons.These regions should be dedicated to fostering eco-system service functions to enrich the overall ecological milieu of the study area.Furthermore,ecological monitoring areas are primarily located in the central and higher-altitude regions of the study area,exhibiting a relatively consolidated distribution.Vegetation in this area predominantly manifests as alpine meadows,hence warranting heightened ecological vigilance to avert ecosystem degradation.In contrast,conservation and utilization areas boast the highest proportion.As these areas engage in customary recreational,operational,and livelihood activities,it is paramount to uphold ecological development and cultivate a harmonious coexistence between humans and the scenic spaces within the region.This endeavor seeks to explore a mutually benefi cial rapport betw

关 键 词：生态敏感性 生态系统服务 风景空间 区划 神农架 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]