收入分化、地位补偿与家庭消费结构  

Income Stratification,Status Compensation and Household Consumption Structure

作　　者：杜丽永 董洪超 张旭青 DU Li-yong;DONG Hong-chao;ZHANG Xu-qing(Business School,Huaiyin Normal University)

机构地区：[1]淮阴师范学院商学院

出　　处：《消费经济》2023年第5期65-77,共13页Consumer Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(17YJC790026);江苏省社会科学基金一般项目(22EYB003);江苏省社会科学基金青年项目(20EYC005)。

摘　　要：消费结构升级事关人民对美好生活的向往,但鲜有文献从地位补偿视角出发分析收入分化对农村家庭消费结构的影响。文章构建了收入分化影响农村家庭消费结构的理论模型,并基于广东千村调查数据进行实证检验。结果发现,给定其他条件不变,农户所面对的收入相对剥夺程度越高,其平均消费水平就越低。农户为了补偿收入劣势所造成的负面情绪感知,会过度追求地位性消费,代价是挤出生存性消费。异质性检验表明,收入相对剥夺会明显提升低收入组农户的地位性消费比例,对其生存性消费的挤出效应也更为严重。在经济薄弱村庄,收入相对剥夺也会明显增加农户地位性消费并减少生存性消费,而开展移风易俗治理则可以缓解收入分化对家庭消费结构的扭曲。基于此,文章从拓宽农户财产性收入、完善收入分配制度以及建设文明乡风等方面提出了政策建议。The upgrading of consumption structure is related to people's desire for a better life,but there is little literature analyzing the impact of income stratification on household consumption structure from the perspective of status compensation.This paper set up a theoretical model on the relationship between income stratification and rural household consumption structure,and further uses the survey data of villages in Guangdong province for empirical testing.It was found that,given all other things being equal,the higher the degree of relative income deprivation,the lower the average level of consumption.The relative deprivation of income will also distort the consumption structure of rural households,and in order to compensate for the psychological gap caused by the income disadvantage,farmers will pursue status consumption at the expense of reducing subsistence expenditure.The heterogeneity analysis showed that the relative deprivation of income significantly increased the proportion of status consumption of low-income farmers,and the crowding out effect on their subsistence consumption was more serious.In poor villages,the incentive effect of relative income deprivation on status consumption and the crowding out effect on subsistence consumption are also more serious,and the change of customs can effectively alleviate the distortion of relative income deprivation on the consumption structure of rural households.Based on this,the article proposes countermeasures and suggestions from expanding the channels of property income for rural residents,improving the income distribution system,and building a civilized rural atmosphere.

关 键 词：收入分化 相对剥夺 地位 补偿性消费 消费结构 

分 类 号：F063.2[经济管理—政治经济学]