名物化现象的生成语法解释  

Generative linguistic approach to nominalisation

作　　者：曹道根[1] 何静[1] CAO Daogen;HE Jing(School of Foreign Languages,Zhejiang University of Finance&Economics,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江财经大学,浙江省杭州市310018

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2023年第6期814-826,958,共14页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“界面理论视角下的汉语定式性研究”(23BYY026)资助。

摘　　要：本文综述Chomsky(1970)以来几个重要的关于名物化研究的生成语法理论,概括名物化研究的理论考量和主要发展阶段。目前比较一致的看法是,名物化形成限定词短语结构,包含内层动词性和外层名词性功能架构,体现出语类混合的扩展投射;该混合投射不涉动、名词类更替,即词根本身无词性,其词类由其所在名词性语段确定,其名词形态在句法向音系映射时获得。在回溯并综述名物化句法模型建立和发展的基础上,本文以英语中名物化短语的数量化、各类复转名词的结构差异以及名物化空主语为例,阐明生成语法对名物化事实的解释力。对名物化研究的梳理有助于加深对名物化“内动外名”的形态-句法本质的理解,展示名物化研究对优化生成语法理论模型所起的作用。Starting with Chomsky(1970),this study reviews several significant generative linguistic hypotheses regarding nominalisation and summarises the theoretical advances and the key phases of development in this area of study.The general consensus on nominalisation to date is twofold.1)A nominalised construct syntactically has a DP structure comprising an inner verbal functional core and an outer nominal functional architecture;nominalisation therefore gives rise to a mixed(i.e.both verbal and nominal)expanded projection(of some verbal root).2)A nominalised construct does not involve a substitution of the categorial feature[N]for the categorial feature[V]in its derivation if the root in question is category-neutral and only acquires its noun category from the nominal phase context where it eventually occurs and its nominal morphology following the spellout of the nominal phase.Given the account concerning the stepwise formulation of the syntactic model for nominalisation,this study also clarifies the explanatory power of the derivational model in relation to the intricate empirical data in English nominalisation,which includes i)whether or when a nominalised construct can be quantified or pluralised,ii)how the various types of complex event derived nominals are structurally different,and iii)what the null subject in some particular type of nominalised construct might be.This review furthers the understanding of the morphosyntactic nature of nominalisation,and reveals how addressing the nominalisation issue along the generative line helps to optimise the generative syntax per se.

关 键 词：名物化 DP假设 分布式形态学 混合扩展投射 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]