高温热化学非平衡气动热试验与仿真技术研究进展  

PROGRESS IN THE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOCHEMICAL NON-EQUILIBRIUM AEROTHERMAL TEST AND SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY

作　　者：罗仕超 张志刚[1,2] 柳军[3] 龚红明[1,2] 胡守超[1,2] 吴里银 常雨[1,2] 庄宇[1,2] 李贤 黄成扬 Luo Shichao;Zhang Zhigang;Liu Jun;Gong Hongming;Hu Shouchao;Wu Liyin;Chang Yu;Zhuang Yu;Li Xian;Huang Chengyang(Hypervelocity Aerodynamics Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan,China;Laboratory of Aerodynamics in Multiple Flow Regimes,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan,China;College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,四川绵阳621000 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心跨流域空气动力学重点实验室,四川绵阳621000 [3]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《力学学报》2023年第11期2439-2452,共14页Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFA0405300,2019YFA0405200)。

摘　　要：临近空间新型飞行器向全空域、更高马赫数发展,面临的气动热环境会越发恶劣,高温流场气动热预测技术是该类飞行器发展的关键技术之一.高超声速气流通过激波压缩或黏性阻滞减速,分子动能转化为内能,产生了高温.高温引起体分子振动、电子激发,伴随离解、电离反应等一系列复杂气动物理现象,其流场气动热预测面临诸多挑战.文章对高温热化学非平衡气动热预测技术的发展情况进行了分析探讨.首先,阐述了国内外高温气动热地面试验技术的发展历程,重点介绍分析了气动热风洞试验设备的模拟能力及目前试验测试技术的研究水平;然后,调研和讨论了高温气动热数值模拟研究现状,分别从热化学模型、辐射输运和壁面催化/烧蚀等多个角度探讨了热化学非平衡流场气动热数值模拟规律;最后,对气动热预测技术的发展趋势进行了讨论,提出了高温气动热试验与仿真技术后续应重点解决的问题.The development of a new-generation near space hypersonic vehicle towards whole aerospace and higher Mach number,which result in increasingly harsh aerothermal environments.Aerothermal environment prediction is one of the key technologies in the design of these near space hypersonic vehicles.During hypersonic flight,the kinetic energy is transformed into internal energy because of the strong shock wave and viscious retardation that is created around a vehicle.These generates a high enthalpy air flow and therefore shock layers is the site of intensive physics chemical non-equilibrium processes.A large amount of aerodynamic physical phenomena are involved in the study of the properties of high temperature gas flow fields.The excitation of the internal modes of vibration and electronic,and the gas quickly dissociate,recombine and ionization can create significant ionized particles,which makes the aerothermal environment prediction face all kinds of challenges.The development of high temperature thermochemical non-equilibrium aerothermal prediction technique is analyzed and discussed.First,a brief development history of high temperature aerothermal ground experiment technique is reviewed,the capabilities of aerothermal prediction ground wind tunnel and the research level of measurement technique are emphatically analyzed and introduced.Then,the aerothermal numerical simulation prediction technique are introduced,and the aerothermal numerical simulation law of thermochemical non-equilibrium flow field is discussed from the perspectives of thermochemical,radiation transport,wall catalysis and ablation.Finally,the development trend of aerothermal prediction technique is discussed,and the problems should be solved in the future of high temperature aerothermal test and simulation technique are also proposed.

关 键 词：高超声速 热化学非平衡 气动热 数值模拟 试验技术 

分 类 号：O354.7[理学—流体力学]