元大都智全寺畏兀儿高僧考  

On the Uighurian Monks of Cisön Temple in the Capital City of Yuan Dynasty

作　　者：马丽亚·艾海提 林梅村[2,3] Maliya Aihaiti;Lin Meicun(Palace Museum,Beijing 100006;School of Archaeology and Museology,Peking University,Beijing 100091;Beijing Union University,Beijing 100191)

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院,北京100006 [2]北京大学考古文博学院,北京100091 [3]北京联合大学,北京100191

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2023年第5期146-155,共10页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：北京故宫文物保护基金会和万科公益基金会专项经费资助。

摘　　要：元朝统治者以藏传佛教为国教,通晓多种语言的畏兀儿高僧扮演了藏传佛教传播者的主要角色。我们最近发现,敦煌回鹘文写本《说心性经》作者Cis?n Tutung实乃京城西郊高梁河畔智全寺第二任方丈,其名当称“智全都统”。智全寺首任方丈即《元史·释老志》所载畏兀儿高僧必兰纳识理,原为京师能仁寺住持。刘敏中《大智全寺碑》称之为“天藏”(梵语dhanyasenā),回鹘文《金刚经》译作Tanyasin(弹压孙)。元朝灭亡前夕,智全都统离开元大都赴敦煌,并将智全寺大藏经殿大批回鹘文佛经携至敦煌。The emperors of Yuan Dynasty took the Tibetan Buddhism as the state religion,and the Uighurian monks,who thoroughly understand many languages,played the important role on the spread of Tibetan Buddhism.We recently found that C isön Tutung,the author of the Dunhuang Uighurian manuscript Shuoxinxingjing(《说心性经》)is actually the second Buddhist abbot of Cisön Temple on the bank of Gaoliang River in the western suburb of the capital city of Yuan Dynasty,whose name should be translated as Zhiquan Dutong(智全都统).The first Buddhist abbot of Cisön Temple is the famous Uighurian monk Pratyašri(必兰纳识理)recorded inHistory of the Yuan Dynasty who used to be a Buddhist abbot of Nengren Temple in the capital city of Yuan Dynasty.According to Liu Minzhong’s Grand Cisön Temple Inscription(大智全寺碑),Pratyašri is called as Tianzang(天藏),and in the Uighurian Diamond Sūtra is called as Tanyasin.Before the fall of the Yuan Dynasty,Cisön Tutung left the capital city for Dunhuang,and brought many Uighurian Buddhist manuscripts from the Cisön Temple to Dunhuang.

关 键 词：莫高窟北区 回鹘佛教 敦煌写本 智全都统 必兰纳识理 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学] K207.8[历史地理—中国史]