异质性需求背景下社区护理人员老年护理胜任力模型构建  

Study on the Construction of Competency Model of Community Nursing Staffs in Geriatric Nursing Under the Back⁃ground of Heterogeneous Needs

作　　者：仲媛媛 许兴龙 Zhong Yuanyuan(School of Management,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,P.R.China.)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学管理学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2023年第11期813-816,852,共5页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于居民主动利用的基层卫生服务价值实现机制与提升策略研究”(72274081);江苏大学科研立项项目“基层卫生服务价值测量模型构建与应用研究:以镇江市为例”(22C238)。

摘　　要：目的:基于老年人的异质性护理服务需求,构建适用于我国的社区护理人员老年护理胜任力模型。方法:采用便利抽样法选取江苏省6个城市的12家社区老年人作为研究对象,应用老年人日常生活活动量表、老年人一般资料和老年人异质性护理需求调查问卷进行现场调查,采用Excel 2016及SPSS 26.0软件对数据进行处理分析,通过描述性统计分析和Spearman相关性分析来探索江苏省社区老年人的异质性护理需求。结果:健康自理型老年人有243人,占总人数的66.8%,短期照护型老年人有93人,占总人数的25.5%,长期护理型老年人有28人,占总人数的7.7%;长期护理型老年人对疾病护理、生活护理、心理护理、健康教育需求得分最高,健康自理型、短期照护型和长期护理型老年人对疾病护理需求得分均最高。结论:通过分析社区老年人的异质性护理需求结果,构建社区护理人员老年护理胜任力模型有助于满足不同类型老年人的多层次护理需求,对促进社区老年人身体健康状况、心理健康状态和自我健康管理能力提升具有重要意义。Objective To construct a community geriatric nursing competency model based on the heterogeneous nursing serv⁃ice needs of the elderly.Methods The elderly in 12 communities of 6 cities of Jiangsu Province were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling method,and surveyed with daily living activity scale,general information of the elderly and questionnaire on heterogeneous nursing needs of the elderly.Data were analyzed by Excel 2016 and SPSS 26.0 software.Descriptive statistical a⁃nalysis and Spearman correlation analysis were used to explore the heterogeneous nursing needs of the elderly in Jiangsu Province.Results There were 243 elderly people who took care of themselves,accounting for 66.8%of the total number.93 elderly people who took short-term care,accounting for 25.5%.28 elderly people who took long-term care,accounting for 7.7%.The elderly with long-term care had the highest demand score for disease care,life care,psychological care and health education,while the elderly with self-care,short-term care and long-term care had the highest scores on the need for disease care.Conclusion Based on analysis of the heterogeneous nursing needs of the elderly in the community,the construction of the competency model of community nursing staffs for the elderly can help meet the multi-level nursing needs of different types of elderly people,and has important significance in promoting the improvement of physical health status,mental health status and self-health management a⁃bility of the elderly in the community.

关 键 词：异质性护理需求 社区老年人 老年护理 护理胜任力 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]