载运工具高性能薄壁承载结构成形及连接工艺研究进展  

Advances in Forming and Joining Processes of Lightweight High-strength Thin-walled Vehicle Structures

作　　者：林忠钦[1] 马运五 夏裕俊 李永丰[1] 李淑慧[1] 李永兵[1] LIN Zhongqin;MA Yunwu;XIA Yujun;LI Yongfeng;LI Shuhui;LI Yongbing(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture for Thin-walled Structures,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学上海市复杂薄板结构数字化制造重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第20期1-17,共17页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52025058,52205396)。

摘　　要：飞机、运载火箭、高速列车、汽车等载运工具的承载结构普遍采用轻质高强薄壁结构,成形工艺需要满足最终构件的高强度、形状尺寸精度以及低成本短流程等要求;同时,运载工具薄壁承载结构越来越多地采用多材料、多结构混用以提升轻量化效果和设计灵活性,这对焊接与连接工艺带来巨大挑战。针对轻质高强板材热冲压技术以及薄壁构件铆接和电阻点焊技术的研究进展进行综述,系统分析新材料、新结构对成形和连接工艺带来的技术变革,并指出其面临的技术挑战和未来的发展方向,旨在对轻质高强薄壁构件的制造提供指导和借鉴。The load-bearing structures of aircrafts,carrier rockets,high-speed trains,automobiles,and other transportation tools are featured with thin-walled structures,and manufactured with lightweight and high-strength materials.The forming process needs to meet the requirements of high strength of the final components,good formability,low-cost,and short process.At the same time,thin-walled structures are increasingly using a mixture of multi-materials and multi-structures,which not only improves the lightweighting effect and design flexibility,but also poses a huge challenge to traditional joining processes.This article reviews the research advances of hot stamping technology for lightweight and high-strength sheet metals,as well as riveting and resistance spot welding technologies for thin-walled components.The technological changes brought by new materials and structures to the forming and joining processes are analyzed systematically.The technical challenges and future development directions of these processes are pointed out,aiming to provide guidance and reference for the manufacturing of lightweight,high-strength,and thin-walled components.

关 键 词：轻质高强材料 薄壁构件 热冲压 电阻点焊 铆接 

分 类 号：TG38[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工] TG44