超声振动系统的研究现状及其在塑性成形领域的应用进展  

Research Status of Ultrasonic Vibration System and Its Application Progress in Plastic Forming Field

作　　者：田少杰 刘雪峰[1,2,3] 王文静[2,3] 崔庆贺 郝健博 TIAN Shaojie;LIU Xuefeng;WANG Wenjing;CUI Qinghe;HAO Jianbo(Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083;Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083;Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing of Ministry of Education,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学北京材料基因工程高精尖创新中心,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学现代交通金属材料与加工技术北京实验室,北京100083 [3]北京科技大学材料先进制备技术教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第20期198-214,共17页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0121300);高端外国专家引进计划(G2023105001L);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(FRF-TT-20-03)资助项目。

摘　　要：超声辅助塑性成形技术具有降低成形载荷、改善接触状态并提高成形件质量等特点,是一种新兴的特种能场辅助塑性成形技术。在超声辅助塑性成形技术中,超声振动系统及其谐振设计理论和方法对成形件的质量有重要影响。本文综述了超声振动系统的谐振设计理论和方法及其应用研究现状,单激励一维、单激励多维、多激励一维和多激励多维等超声振动方式的超声振动系统研制现状,以及现有的超声辅助拉拔、超声辅助拉深、超声辅助挤压和超声辅助轧制等超声辅助塑性成形技术的原理和特点。指出了大负载工况、复杂结构和多维度等超声振动系统存在的系统稳定性差和极限工作状态预测精度低等问题,以及现有超声辅助塑性成形技术由于超声布置方式不合理、功率不足导致的超声能量损耗大、作用效果不明显等问题。最后,从人工智能等先进设计分析手段的应用、大功率超声振动系统的研制以及多激励耦合超声辅助塑性成形新技术的开发等方面展望了超声辅助塑性成形技术的发展方向。Ultrasonic vibration(UV)assisted plastic forming technology,which has the characteristics of reducing forming load,improving contact condition and upgrading quality of workpieces,is a new special energy-assisted plastic forming technology.In UV assisted plastic forming technology,the UV system and its theory and method of resonance design has a significant influence for the quality of the workpieces.This paper reviews three parts as follows:Firstly,the current status of research on the theory and methods of resonant design of UV systems and their applications.Secondly,the current status of the development of UV systems with single excitation one-dimensional,single excitation multi-dimensional,multi-excitation one-dimensional and multi-excitation multi-dimensional UV modes.Finally,the existing UV assisted drawing,UV assisted deep drawing,UV assisted extrusion and UV assisted rolling and other UV assisted plastic forming technology principle and characteristics.In addition,this paper points out the problems of UV systems and its applications.On the one hand,there are the problems of poor system stability and low accuracy of prediction of limit operating state in UV systems with large load conditions,complex structures and multidimensionality.On the other hand,in UV assisted plastic forming technology,there are problems such as large ultrasonic energy loss and insignificant effect due to irrational ultrasonic arrangement and insufficient power.Finally,the development direction of UV assisted plastic forming technology is prospected from the application of advanced design analysis tools such as artificial intelligence,the manufacture of high-power UV system and the development of new technology of multi-excitation coupled UV assisted plastic forming.

关 键 词：超声辅助塑性成形 谐振设计理论和方法 超声振动系统 超声振动方式 

分 类 号：TG306[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]