改善U形件回弹量的弯曲成形工艺参数优化  

Optimization of Bending Forming Process Parameters for U-shaped Workpiece Springback Improvement

作　　者：周梅 范利 ZHOU Mei;FAN Li(Engineering Training Center,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学工程训练中心,山东济南250101

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2023年第17期73-77,共5页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51105233)。

摘　　要：针对6061铝合金U形件弯曲成形过程中存在的回弹现象,基于正交试验结果,提出了一种遗传算法,对几个主要的弯曲工艺参数进行了优化。选取了凸模圆角半径、模具间隙、凹模圆角半径、压边力和冲压速度作为优化因素;根据经验确定了因素的水平,应用L16(45)正交试验表进行试验,得到各工艺参数对U形件回弹角的影响顺序为:凸模圆角半径>凹模圆角半径>模具间隙>冲压速度>压边力,并进一步分析了初步优化的参数水平组合;最后,将正交试验结果作为遗传算法的初始种群,基于回弹角建立适应度函数,得到U形件弯曲成形工艺参数的优化结果。基于参数优化结果进行U形件加工实验,结果表明本文方法能够有效改善铝合金U形件的回弹量。Aiming at the springback phenomenon in the bending process of aluminum alloy U-shaped workpiece,the genetic algorithm ba sed on the results of orthogonal experiment was proposed to optimize several main bending process parameters.The convex die round radius,die gap,concave die round radius,pressure edge force and stamping velocity were selected as the optimization factors.The level of the factors was determined by experience,and the orthogonal test table(L16(45)) was used to test.The order of the influence of the process parameters on the springback angle of U-shaped parts is punch fillet radius > die fillet radius > die clearance > stamping speed > blank holder force.The preliminary optimized parameter level combination was also further analyzed.Finally,taking the orthogonal test results as the initial population of the genetic algorithm,the fitness function was established based on the springback angle,and optimization results of bending forming process parameters of U-shaped parts were obtained.The U-shaped piece processing experiments were performed based on the parameter optimization results.The results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the springback of aluminum alloy U-shaped workpiece.

关 键 词：U形冲压件 弯曲成形 回弹 遗传算法 正交试验 

分 类 号：TG386.31[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]