生物化学产甲烷动力学的教学实践  

Teaching Practice of Methane Production Kinetics in Biochemistry

作　　者：陈畅[1] 袁淑兰 李成 CHEN Chang;YUAN Shu-Lan;LI Cheng(College of Chemical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学化学工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2023年第22期95-101,共7页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52270116);北京化工大学中外合作办学教学改革项目(HZBX202202);北京市与中央共建人才培养-教学名师项目。

摘　　要：厌氧消化是自然界有机物质分解代谢的重要途径,对实现环境和经济的可持续发展具有重要意义。消化中产甲烷过程涉及众多生化反应,其规律很难准确描述。教师在生物化学课程中引入厌氧消化产甲烷动力学教学,设计了5个紧密衔接的教学模块,介绍了3种常见产甲烷动力学模型的推导过程、适用范围、参数特点,教授学生利用软件完成数据拟合的方法,并训练其对拟合结果进行分析。本教学改革通过将产甲烷动力学引入课堂,使学生在更好地理解复杂的厌氧消化反应过程基础知识的同时,构建了理论与实践应用间的桥梁,不仅掌握了精准定量描述厌氧消化过程中产甲烷规律的模型,还学到利用比较动力学参数来评价不同原料发酵规律差异的方法,为未来其参与实际生产和工程实践奠定了基础,获得了良好的教学效果。本文介绍了教学改革的具体内容,对完善生物化学的教学框架和改善教学质量具有重要意义,同时为环境工程、化学工程、新能源工程、生物工程等相关专业课程及实验教学的改革和探索提供了有益参考。Anaerobic digestion(AD) is an important pathway of organic matter degradation in nature, which is of great significance for achieving environmental and economic sustainability. AD involves so many biochemical reactions that it is difficult to accurately describe the reaction pattern of methane production. The teacher introduced the methanogenic kinetics into Biochemistry teaching by designing five closely connected teaching modules. After introducing the derivation process, applicable scope, and parameter characteristics of three common methanogenic kinetic models, students were then taught how to use software to perform data fitting and trained to analyze the simulated results. By introducing methanogenic kinetics into teaching, students can not only better understand the basic knowledge of complex AD process but also learn a method for describing the methanogenic process accurately and quantitatively, thus building a bridge between theory and practical application. This teaching innovation laid a foundation for students' participation in future engineering practice and achieved good results. This paper can not only have great significance for improving the teaching framework and quality of Biochemistry course but also provide a useful reference for the teaching reform of other related courses in Environmental Engineering, Chemical Engineering, New Energy Engineering, and Biological Engineering majors.

关 键 词：生物化学 厌氧消化 产甲烷动力学 软件拟合 

分 类 号：O643.1-4[理学—物理化学] G642.4[理学—化学]