福州市一起由新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株BA.2引起的聚集性疫情调查处置  

Investigation and management of a local coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in Fuzhou city caused by Omicron variant BA.2

作　　者：贾海梅[1] 王代榕 陈敏红[1] 郑霄雁[1] 赖绮华 刘必端[1] 王瀚炜 曹祥玉 张昊[1] JIA Haimei;WANG Dairong;CHEN Minhong;ZHENG Xiaoyan;LAI Qihua;LIU Biduan;WANG Hanwei;CAO Xiangyu;ZHANG Hao(Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou,Fujian 350209,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]福州市疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350209 [2]福州市仓山区疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350004

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2023年第5期359-362,共4页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

摘　　要：目的分析福州市一起由外市输入病例引发的本地新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)聚集性疫情的流行病学特征,为今后相关传染病防控提供参考依据。方法收集福州市2022年3月19日―4月5日报告的一起聚集性疫情感染者的个案信息,采用流行病学方法进行描述性分析;采用实时荧光反转录聚合酶链反应技术对咽拭子标本进行新冠病毒核酸检测,用三代测序技术进行全基因组序列测定和比对分析。结果本起疫情共报告17例感染者,其中确诊病例1例(5.9%)。疫情共持续9 d。通过社区筛查发现4例(23.5%),其他13例均在管控人群中发现。男性占52.9%(9例);年龄中位数44(19~61)岁。基因测序结果显示17例感染者感染的病毒均为Omicron变异株BA.2分支,与福建省泉州市“3·13”Omicron疫情本土病例新冠病毒基因组高度同源,结合流行病学调查和病毒基因测序结果,判定首例感染者可能在泉州市感染,回福州后传染给了同住人员,并且通过打麻将、聚餐造成疫情扩散。结论应对Omicron变异株BA.2传播,应切实落实“四早”防疫工作原则,加大重点人群的主动监测,以最短时间最快速度阻断疫情传播。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a local coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak in Fuzhou induced by imported cases from another city,so as to provide reference for COVID-19 prevention and control in the future.Methods Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze information of infected cases in a cluster of COVID-19 reported in Fuzhou city between March 19 and April 5,2022.Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was used to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)nucleic acid in the pharyngeal swab specimens collected.Whole genome sequencing and alignment analysis were performed using the third-generation sequencing.Results Totally 17 infected cases,including 1 confirmed COVID-19 case(5.9%),were reported during the 9-day outbreak period.Four cases(23.5%)were found through community screening,and the other 13 cases were found in people under quarantine.There were 9 males(52.9%),the median age was 44 years(19—61 years).The results of genome sequencing indicated that the pathogen of all the 17 infected cases was severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)Omicron variant(BA.2),which was highly homologous with the genome of Omicron in 3·13 epidemic in Quanzhou of Fujian province.Combining the epidemiological investigation and the results of viral gene sequencing,it was determined that the index case might had been infected in Quanzhou,and transmitted to cohabitants after returning to Fuzhou,and caused the spread of the epidemic through playing mahjong and group dining.Conclusion In response to the spread of Omicron BA.2 variant,we should firmly implement the"four earlys principle",i.e.,early detection,early report,early quarantine,and early treatment,and strengthen the active monitoring of key groups,in order to cut the transmission of COVID-19 promptly.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 新型冠状病毒感染 奥密克戎 聚集性疫情 流行病学 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]