玉-稻轮作背景下秸秆还田时间对典型紫色土壤入渗特性的影响  

Effect of Straw Returning Time on Infiltration Characteristics of Typical Purple Soil under The Background of Corn Rice Rotation

作　　者：唐福锐 伍骏 杨田圳 陈力辅 钟玥骅 张志亮 TANG Furui;WU Jun;YANG Tianzhen;CHEN Lifu;ZHONG Yuehua;ZHANG Zhiliang(College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya'an 625014,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学水利水电学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《河南水利与南水北调》2023年第10期23-25,共3页Henan Water Resources & South-to-North Water Diversion

基　　金：攀西特色作物研究与利用四川省重点实验室开放基金(SZKF2208);大学生创新训练项目(S202210626136)。

摘　　要：近年来中国长江流域广泛应用玉米-水稻轮作模式,研究该背景下不同秸秆类型及其还田时间长短对土壤入渗的影响对于进一步提高废弃秸秆资源利用率和有效利用农田灌溉水分具有重要意义。通过对玉米、水稻秸秆分别还田处理0、15、30 d后采用室内土柱模拟的方法,探究不同还田时间下的秸秆对土壤累积入渗量和湿润过程的影响。结果表明:秸秆还田时间与土壤累积入渗量、初始入渗速率、湿润锋最终运移深度呈正相关。相同条件下,水稻秸秆还田对土壤入渗能力改善作用明显大于玉米秸秆。秸秆还田大部分情况下均降低了土壤累积入渗量。土壤中混掺秸秆,相较于纯土湿润锋初始运移速率更大,后期纯土湿润锋稳定运移速率更快,纯土的湿润峰深度大于混掺秸秆的土壤。研究结果可为玉-稻轮作背景下秸秆还田及生产实践的研究提供科学依据。In recent years,the corn rice rotation mode has been widely used in the Yangtze River basin of China.Studying the impact of different straw types and returning time on soil infiltration under this background is of great significance for further improving the utilization rate of waste straw resources and effectively using farmland irrigation water.By using indoor soil column simulation after returning corn and rice straw to the field for O,15,and 30 days respectively,the effects of straw return time on soil cumulative infiltration and wetting process were explored.The results showed that the time of straw returning to the field was positively correlated with the cumulative infiltration amount,initial infiltration rate and the final migration depth of the wetting front.Under the same conditions,the improvement of soil infiltration capacity by returning rice straw to the field was significantly greater than that of corn straw.In most cases,straw returning reduced the cumulative infiltration of soil.Compared with the soil mixed with straw,the initial migration rate of the wetting front of pure soil is larger,and the stable migration rate of the wetting front of pure soil is faster in the later period.The depth of the wetting front of pure soil is greater than that of the soil mixed with straw.The results can provide scientific basis for the research on straw returning and production practice under the background of corn rice rotation.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 还田时间 入渗特性 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S278[农业科学—农业基础科学]