破产程序中个人信息出售的基本逻辑结构——从德国的破产实践展开  

Basic Logical Structure in the Sale of Personal Information in Bankruptcy Proceedings——From the insolvency practice in Germany

作　　者：龚淋 GONG Lin(School of Law,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学法学院,北京100191

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期85-95,共11页Journal of North China Electric Power University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：北京市法学会2022年市级法学研究青年课题“破产法视域下互联网企业个人信息保护的践行模式与机制创新”(BLS(2022)C010)。

摘　　要：在德国法律中,个人数据因为被视为主体人格的一部分而具有不可转让性。但为了促进有价值数据的流通,德国破产实践中借鉴了其版权法的相关做法,即企业从数据主体那里获得的是个人数据使用权,在其破产并拟出售个人信息时,企业需要根据欧盟《通用数据保护指令》的要求在获得数据主体的同意授权后,才可以将使用权转让给第三方。德国破产法实践中授权加同意的个人信息出售模式对我国具有现实的借鉴意义。在破产程序中要构建完善的个人信息出售制度,就需要解决破产企业出售的是个人数据还是个人信息、破产企业对出售对象是否享有以产权定位的财产性权益以及如何获得数据主体真正有效的知情同意等三个方面的问题,而这三者也刚好形成了其基本的逻辑结构。In German law,personal data is not transferable because it is regarded as a part of the subject's personality.But in order to promote the circulation of valuable data,German insolvency practice learn from the relevant practice of the copyright law,in which companies acquire from the data subject the right to use the personal data and transfer this right to a third party in bankruptcy according to the requirements of the EU General Data Protection Directive and with the authorized consent of the data subject.The personal information safe model of authorization and consent in German bankruptcy law practice has practical reference significance for China.In the bankruptcy process to build the perfect sale system of personal information,one needs to make it clear whether the bankrupt enterprise sells personal data or personal information,whether the bankrupt enterprise has the object orientation of property rights,and how to ensure the effectively informed consent from data subject.These three aspects form the basic logical structure.

关 键 词：破产法 个人信息 个人数据 破产财产 知情同意 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学] D922.291.92[政治法律—法学]